长部第 16 经（Sujato 英译）第 6 阅读页 · The Great Discourse on the Buddha’s Extinguishment · 6/14

Perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally, limited, both pretty and ugly.Perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally, limited, both pretty and ugly.Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’This is the first dimension of mastery.This is the first dimension of mastery.

Perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally, limitless, both pretty and ugly.Perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally, limitless, both pretty and ugly.Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’This is the second dimension of mastery.This is the second dimension of mastery.

Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally, limited, both pretty and ugly.Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally, limited, both pretty and ugly.Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’This is the third dimension of mastery.This is the third dimension of mastery.

Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally, limitless, both pretty and ugly.Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally, limitless, both pretty and ugly.Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’This is the fourth dimension of mastery.This is the fourth dimension of mastery.

Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are blue, with blue color and blue appearance.Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are blue, with blue color and blue appearance.They’re like a flax flower that’s blue, with blue color and blue appearance. Or a cloth from Varanasi that’s smoothed on both sides, blue, with blue color and blue appearance.They’re like a flax flower that’s blue, with blue color and blue appearance. Or a cloth from Varanasi that’s smoothed on both sides, blue, with blue color and blue appearance.In the same way, not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally, blue, with blue color and blue appearance.In the same way, not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally, blue, with blue color and blue appearance.

Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’This is the fifth dimension of mastery.This is the fifth dimension of mastery.Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are yellow, with yellow color and yellow appearance.Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are yellow, with yellow color and yellow appearance.

They’re like a champak flower that’s yellow, with yellow color and yellow appearance. Or a cloth from Varanasi that’s smoothed on both sides, yellow, with yellow color and yellow appearance.They’re like a champak flower that’s yellow, with yellow color and yellow appearance. Or a cloth from Varanasi that’s smoothed on both sides, yellow, with yellow color and yellow appearance.In the same way, not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are yellow, with yellow color and yellow appearance.In the same way, not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are yellow, with yellow color and yellow appearance.Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’

This is the sixth dimension of mastery.This is the sixth dimension of mastery.Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are red, with red color and red appearance.Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are red, with red color and red appearance.They’re like a scarlet mallow flower that’s red, with red color and red appearance. Or a cloth from Varanasi that’s smoothed on both sides, red, with red color and red appearance.They’re like a scarlet mallow flower that’s red, with red color and red appearance. Or a cloth from Varanasi that’s smoothed on both sides, red, with red color and red appearance.

In the same way, not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are red, with red color and red appearance.In the same way, not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are red, with red color and red appearance.Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’This is the seventh dimension of mastery.This is the seventh dimension of mastery.

Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are white, with white color and white appearance.Not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are white, with white color and white appearance.They’re like the morning star that’s white, with white color and white appearance. Or a cloth from Varanasi that’s smoothed on both sides, white, with white color and white appearance.They’re like the morning star that’s white, with white color and white appearance. Or a cloth from Varanasi that’s smoothed on both sides, white, with white color and white appearance.In the same way, not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are white, with white color and white appearance.In the same way, not perceiving form internally, someone sees forms externally that are white, with white color and white appearance.

Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’Mastering them, they perceive: ‘I know and see.’This is the eighth dimension of mastery.This is the eighth dimension of mastery.These are the eight dimensions of mastery.These are the eight dimensions of mastery.

19. The Eight Liberations19. The Eight Liberations

Ānanda, there are these eight liberations.Ānanda, there are these eight liberations.What eight?What eight?Having physical form, they see forms.Having physical form, they see forms.

This is the first liberation.This is the first liberation.Not perceiving form internally, they see forms externally.Not perceiving form internally, they see forms externally.This is the second liberation.This is the second liberation.

They’re focused only on beauty.They’re focused only on beauty.This is the third liberation.This is the third liberation.Going totally beyond perceptions of form, with the disappearance of perceptions of impingement, not focusing on perceptions of diversity, aware that ‘space is infinite’, they enter and remain in the dimension of infinite space.Going totally beyond perceptions of form, with the disappearance of perceptions of impingement, not focusing on perceptions of diversity, aware that ‘space is infinite’, they enter and remain in the dimension of infinite space.

This is the fourth liberation.This is the fourth liberation.Going totally beyond the dimension of infinite space, aware that ‘consciousness is infinite’, they enter and remain in the dimension of infinite consciousness.Going totally beyond the dimension of infinite space, aware that ‘consciousness is infinite’, they enter and remain in the dimension of infinite consciousness.This is the fifth liberation.This is the fifth liberation.

Going totally beyond the dimension of infinite consciousness, aware that ‘there is nothing at all’, they enter and remain in the dimension of nothingness.Going totally beyond the dimension of infinite consciousness, aware that ‘there is nothing at all’, they enter and remain in the dimension of nothingness.This is the sixth liberation.This is the sixth liberation.Going totally beyond the dimension of nothingness, they enter and remain in the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception.Going totally beyond the dimension of nothingness, they enter and remain in the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception.

This is the seventh liberation.This is the seventh liberation.Going totally beyond the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception, they enter and remain in the cessation of perception and feeling.Going totally beyond the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception, they enter and remain in the cessation of perception and feeling.This is the eighth liberation.This is the eighth liberation.

These are the eight liberations.These are the eight liberations.Ānanda, this one time, when I was first awakened, I was staying in Uruvelā at the goatherd’s banyan tree on the bank of the Nerañjarā River.Ānanda, this one time, when I was first awakened, I was staying in Uruvelā at the goatherd’s banyan tree on the bank of the Nerañjarā River.Then Māra the wicked approached me, stood to one side, and said:Then Māra the wicked approached me, stood to one side, and said:

‘Sir, may the Blessed One now be fully extinguished! May the Holy One now be fully extinguished! Now is the time for the full extinguishment of the Buddha.’‘Sir, may the Blessed One now be fully extinguished! May the Holy One now be fully extinguished! Now is the time for the full extinguishment of the Buddha.’When he had spoken, I said to Māra:When he had spoken, I said to Māra:‘Wicked One, I shall not be fully extinguished until I have monk disciples …‘Wicked One, I shall not be fully extinguished until I have monk disciples …

nun disciples …nun disciples …layman disciples …layman disciples …laywoman disciples who are competent, educated, self-assured, learned.laywoman disciples who are competent, educated, self-assured, learned.

I shall not be fully extinguished until my spiritual path is successful and prosperous, extensive, popular, widespread, and fully revealed among gods and humans.’I shall not be fully extinguished until my spiritual path is successful and prosperous, extensive, popular, widespread, and fully revealed among gods and humans.’Today, just now at the Cāpāla Shrine Māra the Wicked approached me once more with the same request, reminding me of my former statement, and saying that those conditions had been fulfilled.Today, just now at the Cāpāla Shrine Māra the Wicked approached me once more with the same request, reminding me of my former statement, and saying that those conditions had been fulfilled.When he had spoken, I said to Māra:When he had spoken, I said to Māra:

‘Relax, Wicked One. The full extinguishment of the Realized One will be soon.‘Relax, Wicked One. The full extinguishment of the Realized One will be soon.Three months from now the Realized One will be fully extinguished.’Three months from now the Realized One will be fully extinguished.’So today, just now at the Cāpāla Shrine, mindful and aware, I surrendered the life force.”So today, just now at the Cāpāla Shrine, mindful and aware, I surrendered the life force.”

20. The Appeal of Ānanda20. The Appeal of Ānanda

When he said this, Venerable Ānanda said to the Buddha,When he said this, Venerable Ānanda said to the Buddha,“Sir, may the Blessed One please remain for the proper lifespan! May the Holy One please remain for the proper lifespan! That would be for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans.”“Sir, may the Blessed One please remain for the proper lifespan! May the Holy One please remain for the proper lifespan! That would be for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans.”“Enough now, Ānanda.“Enough now, Ānanda.

Do not beg the Realized One. Now is not the time to beg the Realized One.”Do not beg the Realized One. Now is not the time to beg the Realized One.”For a second time …For a second time …For a third time, Ānanda said to the Buddha,For a third time, Ānanda said to the Buddha,

“Sir, may the Blessed One please remain for the proper lifespan! May the Holy One please remain for the proper lifespan! That would be for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans.”“Sir, may the Blessed One please remain for the proper lifespan! May the Holy One please remain for the proper lifespan! That would be for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans.”“Ānanda, do you have faith in the Realized One’s awakening?”“Ānanda, do you have faith in the Realized One’s awakening?”“Yes, sir.”“Yes, sir.”

“So why then do you keep pressing me up to the third time?”“So why then do you keep pressing me up to the third time?”“Sir, I have heard and learned this in the presence of the Buddha:“Sir, I have heard and learned this in the presence of the Buddha:‘Whoever has developed and cultivated the four bases of psychic power—made them a vehicle and a basis, kept them up, consolidated them, and properly implemented them—may, if they wish, live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it.‘Whoever has developed and cultivated the four bases of psychic power—made them a vehicle and a basis, kept them up, consolidated them, and properly implemented them—may, if they wish, live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it.

The Realized One has developed and cultivated the four bases of psychic power, made them a vehicle and a basis, kept them up, consolidated them, and properly implemented them. If he wished, the Realized One could live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it.’”The Realized One has developed and cultivated the four bases of psychic power, made them a vehicle and a basis, kept them up, consolidated them, and properly implemented them. If he wished, the Realized One could live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it.’”“Do you have faith, Ānanda?”“Do you have faith, Ānanda?”“Yes, sir.”“Yes, sir.”

“Therefore, Ānanda, the misdeed is yours alone, the mistake is yours alone. For even though the Realized One dropped such an obvious hint, such a clear sign, you didn’t beg me to remain for the proper lifespan, or what’s left of it.“Therefore, Ānanda, the misdeed is yours alone, the mistake is yours alone. For even though the Realized One dropped such an obvious hint, such a clear sign, you didn’t beg me to remain for the proper lifespan, or what’s left of it.If you had begged me, I would have turned you down twice, but consented on the third time.If you had begged me, I would have turned you down twice, but consented on the third time.Therefore, Ānanda, the misdeed is yours alone, the mistake is yours alone.Therefore, Ānanda, the misdeed is yours alone, the mistake is yours alone.

Ānanda, this one time I was staying near Rājagaha, on the Vulture’s Peak Mountain.Ānanda, this one time I was staying near Rājagaha, on the Vulture’s Peak Mountain.There I said to you:There I said to you:‘Ānanda, Rājagaha is lovely, and so is the Vulture’s Peak.‘Ānanda, Rājagaha is lovely, and so is the Vulture’s Peak.

Whoever has developed and cultivated the four bases of psychic power—made them a vehicle and a basis, kept them up, consolidated them, and properly implemented them—may, if they wish, live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it.Whoever has developed and cultivated the four bases of psychic power—made them a vehicle and a basis, kept them up, consolidated them, and properly implemented them—may, if they wish, live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it.The Realized One has developed and cultivated the four bases of psychic power, made them a vehicle and a basis, kept them up, consolidated them, and properly implemented them. If he wished, the Realized One could live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it.’The Realized One has developed and cultivated the four bases of psychic power, made them a vehicle and a basis, kept them up, consolidated them, and properly implemented them. If he wished, the Realized One could live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it.’

But you didn’t get it, even though I dropped such an obvious hint, such a clear sign. You didn’t beg me to remain for the proper lifespan, or what’s left of it.But you didn’t get it, even though I dropped such an obvious hint, such a clear sign. You didn’t beg me to remain for the proper lifespan, or what’s left of it.If you had begged me, I would have turned you down twice, but consented on the third time.If you had begged me, I would have turned you down twice, but consented on the third time.Therefore, Ānanda, the misdeed is yours alone, the mistake is yours alone.Therefore, Ānanda, the misdeed is yours alone, the mistake is yours alone.

Ānanda, this one time I was staying right there near Rājagaha, at the Gotama banyan tree …Ānanda, this one time I was staying right there near Rājagaha, at the Gotama banyan tree …at Bandit’s Cliff …at Bandit’s Cliff …in the Sattapaṇṇi cave on the slopes of Vebhāra …in the Sattapaṇṇi cave on the slopes of Vebhāra …

at the Black Rock on the slopes of Isigili …at the Black Rock on the slopes of Isigili …in the Cool Grove, under the Cobra’s Hood Grotto …in the Cool Grove, under the Cobra’s Hood Grotto …in the Hot Springs Monastery …in the Hot Springs Monastery …

in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrels’ feeding ground …in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrels’ feeding ground …in Jīvaka’s Mango Grove …in Jīvaka’s Mango Grove …in the Maddakucchi deer park …in the Maddakucchi deer park …

And in each place I said to you:And in each place I said to you:‘Ānanda, Rājagaha is lovely, and so are all these places. …‘Ānanda, Rājagaha is lovely, and so are all these places. …If he wished, the Realized One could live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it.’If he wished, the Realized One could live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it.’

But you didn’t get it, even though I dropped such an obvious hint, such a clear sign. You didn’t beg me to remain for the proper lifespan, or what’s left of it.But you didn’t get it, even though I dropped such an obvious hint, such a clear sign. You didn’t beg me to remain for the proper lifespan, or what’s left of it.Ānanda, this one time I was staying right here near Vesālī, at the Udena Shrine …Ānanda, this one time I was staying right here near Vesālī, at the Udena Shrine …at the Gotamaka Shrine …at the Gotamaka Shrine …

at the Seven Maidens Shrine …at the Seven Maidens Shrine …at the Many Sons Shrine …at the Many Sons Shrine …at the Sārandada Shrine …at the Sārandada Shrine …

and just now, today at the Cāpāla Shrine. There I said to you:and just now, today at the Cāpāla Shrine. There I said to you:‘Ānanda, Vesālī is lovely. And the Udena, Gotamaka, Seven Maidens, Many Sons, Sārandada, and Cāpāla Shrines are all lovely.‘Ānanda, Vesālī is lovely. And the Udena, Gotamaka, Seven Maidens, Many Sons, Sārandada, and Cāpāla Shrines are all lovely.Whoever has developed and cultivated the four bases of psychic power—made them a vehicle and a basis, kept them up, consolidated them, and properly implemented them—may, if they wish, live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it.Whoever has developed and cultivated the four bases of psychic power—made them a vehicle and a basis, kept them up, consolidated them, and properly implemented them—may, if they wish, live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it.

The Realized One has developed and cultivated the four bases of psychic power, made them a vehicle and a basis, kept them up, consolidated them, and properly implemented them. If he wished, the Realized One could live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it.’The Realized One has developed and cultivated the four bases of psychic power, made them a vehicle and a basis, kept them up, consolidated them, and properly implemented them. If he wished, the Realized One could live for the proper lifespan or what’s left of it.’But you didn’t get it, even though I dropped such an obvious hint, such a clear sign. You didn’t beg me to remain for the proper lifespan, or what’s left of it, saying:But you didn’t get it, even though I dropped such an obvious hint, such a clear sign. You didn’t beg me to remain for the proper lifespan, or what’s left of it, saying:

‘Sir, may the Blessed One please remain for the proper lifespan! May the Holy One please remain for the proper lifespan! That would be for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans.’‘Sir, may the Blessed One please remain for the proper lifespan! May the Holy One please remain for the proper lifespan! That would be for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans.’If you had begged me, I would have turned you down twice, but consented on the third time.If you had begged me, I would have turned you down twice, but consented on the third time.

Therefore, Ānanda, the misdeed is yours alone, the mistake is yours alone.Therefore, Ānanda, the misdeed is yours alone, the mistake is yours alone.