长部第 33 经（Sujato 英译）第 3 阅读页 · Reciting in Concert · 3/10

principles—keen, aware, and mindful, rid of covetousness and displeasure for the world.principles—keen, aware, and mindful, rid of covetousness and displeasure for the world.Four right efforts:Four right efforts:A mendicant generates enthusiasm, tries, makes an effort, exerts the mind, and strives so that bad, unskillful qualities don’t arise.A mendicant generates enthusiasm, tries, makes an effort, exerts the mind, and strives so that bad, unskillful qualities don’t arise.

They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen are given up.They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen are given up.They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that skillful qualities arise.They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that skillful qualities arise.They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that skillful qualities that have arisen remain, are not lost, but increase, mature, and are fully developed.They generate enthusiasm, try, make an effort, exert the mind, and strive so that skillful qualities that have arisen remain, are not lost, but increase, mature, and are fully developed.

Four bases of psychic power:Four bases of psychic power:A mendicant develops the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to enthusiasm, and active effort.A mendicant develops the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to enthusiasm, and active effort.They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to mental development, and active effort.They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to mental development, and active effort.

They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to energy, and active effort.They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to energy, and active effort.They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to inquiry, and active effort.They develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to inquiry, and active effort.Four absorptions:Four absorptions:

A mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected.A mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected.As the placing of the mind and keeping it connected are stilled, they enter and remain in the second absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of immersion, with internal clarity and mind at one, without placing the mind and keeping it connected.As the placing of the mind and keeping it connected are stilled, they enter and remain in the second absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of immersion, with internal clarity and mind at one, without placing the mind and keeping it connected.

And with the fading away of rapture, they enter and remain in the third absorption, where they meditate with equanimity, mindful and aware, experiencing for themselves the bliss of which the noble ones declare, ‘Equanimous and mindful, one meditates in bliss.’And with the fading away of rapture, they enter and remain in the third absorption, where they meditate with equanimity, mindful and aware, experiencing for themselves the bliss of which the noble ones declare, ‘Equanimous and mindful, one meditates in bliss.’With the giving up of pleasure and pain and the disappearance of former happiness and sadness, they enter and remain in the fourth absorption, without pleasure or pain, with pure equanimity and mindfulness.With the giving up of pleasure and pain and the disappearance of former happiness and sadness, they enter and remain in the fourth absorption, without pleasure or pain, with pure equanimity and mindfulness.

Four ways of developing immersion further:Four ways of developing immersion further:There is a way of developing immersion further that leads to blissful meditation in this life.There is a way of developing immersion further that leads to blissful meditation in this life.There is a way of developing immersion further that leads to gaining knowledge and vision.There is a way of developing immersion further that leads to gaining knowledge and vision.

There is a way of developing immersion further that leads to mindfulness and awareness.There is a way of developing immersion further that leads to mindfulness and awareness.There is a way of developing immersion further that leads to the ending of defilements.There is a way of developing immersion further that leads to the ending of defilements.And what is the way of developing immersion further that leads to blissful meditation in this life?And what is the way of developing immersion further that leads to blissful meditation in this life?

It’s when a mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption …It’s when a mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption …second absorption …second absorption …fourth absorption.fourth absorption.

This is the way of developing immersion further that leads to blissful meditation in this life.This is the way of developing immersion further that leads to blissful meditation in this life.And what is the way of developing immersion further that leads to gaining knowledge and vision?And what is the way of developing immersion further that leads to gaining knowledge and vision?A mendicant applies their mind to the perception of light, focusing on the perception of day regardless of whether it’s night or day.A mendicant applies their mind to the perception of light, focusing on the perception of day regardless of whether it’s night or day.

And so, with an open and unenveloped heart, they develop a mind that’s full of radiance.And so, with an open and unenveloped heart, they develop a mind that’s full of radiance.This is the way of developing immersion further that leads to gaining knowledge and vision.This is the way of developing immersion further that leads to gaining knowledge and vision.And what is the way of developing immersion further that leads to mindfulness and awareness?And what is the way of developing immersion further that leads to mindfulness and awareness?

A mendicant knows feelings as they arise, as they remain, and as they go away.A mendicant knows feelings as they arise, as they remain, and as they go away.They know perceptions as they arise, as they remain, and as they go away.They know perceptions as they arise, as they remain, and as they go away.They know thoughts as they arise, as they remain, and as they go away.They know thoughts as they arise, as they remain, and as they go away.

This is the way of developing immersion further that leads to mindfulness and awareness.This is the way of developing immersion further that leads to mindfulness and awareness.And what is the way of developing immersion further that leads to the ending of defilements?And what is the way of developing immersion further that leads to the ending of defilements?A mendicant meditates observing rise and fall in the five grasping aggregates.A mendicant meditates observing rise and fall in the five grasping aggregates.

‘Such is form, such is the origin of form, such is the disappearance of form.‘Such is form, such is the origin of form, such is the disappearance of form.Such are feelings …Such are feelings …perceptions …perceptions …

choices …choices …consciousness, such is the origin of consciousness, such is the disappearance of consciousness.’consciousness, such is the origin of consciousness, such is the disappearance of consciousness.’This is the way of developing immersion further that leads to the ending of defilements.This is the way of developing immersion further that leads to the ending of defilements.

Four limitless states:Four limitless states:A mendicant meditates spreading a heart full of love to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of love to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will.A mendicant meditates spreading a heart full of love to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of love to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will.They meditate spreading a heart full of compassion …They meditate spreading a heart full of compassion …

rejoicing …rejoicing …equanimity to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of equanimity to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will.equanimity to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of equanimity to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will.Four formless states:Four formless states:

A mendicant, going totally beyond perceptions of form, with the disappearance of perceptions of impingement, not focusing on perceptions of diversity, aware that ‘space is infinite’, enters and remains in the dimension of infinite space.A mendicant, going totally beyond perceptions of form, with the disappearance of perceptions of impingement, not focusing on perceptions of diversity, aware that ‘space is infinite’, enters and remains in the dimension of infinite space.Going totally beyond the dimension of infinite space, aware that ‘consciousness is infinite’, they enter and remain in the dimension of infinite consciousness.Going totally beyond the dimension of infinite space, aware that ‘consciousness is infinite’, they enter and remain in the dimension of infinite consciousness.

Going totally beyond the dimension of infinite consciousness, aware that ‘there is nothing at all’, they enter and remain in the dimension of nothingness.Going totally beyond the dimension of infinite consciousness, aware that ‘there is nothing at all’, they enter and remain in the dimension of nothingness.Going totally beyond the dimension of nothingness, they enter and remain in the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception.Going totally beyond the dimension of nothingness, they enter and remain in the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception.Four supports:Four supports:

After appraisal, a mendicant uses some things, endures some things, avoids some things, and dispels some things.After appraisal, a mendicant uses some things, endures some things, avoids some things, and dispels some things.Four noble customs:Four noble customs:A mendicant is content with any kind of robe, and praises such contentment. They don’t employ improper solicitation for the sake of a robe. They don’t worry if they don’t get a robe. And if they do get a robe, they use it untied, uninfatuated, unattached, seeing the drawback, and understanding the escape. And on account of that they don’t glorify themselves or put others down.A mendicant is content with any kind of robe, and praises such contentment. They don’t employ improper solicitation for the sake of a robe. They don’t worry if they don’t get a robe. And if they do get a robe, they use it untied, uninfatuated, unattached, seeing the drawback, and understanding the escape. And on account of that they don’t glorify themselves or put others down.

A mendicant who is deft, tireless, aware, and mindful in this is said to stand in the ancient, primordial noble custom.A mendicant who is deft, tireless, aware, and mindful in this is said to stand in the ancient, primordial noble custom.Furthermore, a mendicant is content with any kind of almsfood …Furthermore, a mendicant is content with any kind of almsfood …Furthermore, a mendicant is content with any kind of lodgings …Furthermore, a mendicant is content with any kind of lodgings …

Furthermore, a mendicant enjoys giving up and loves to give up. They enjoy meditation and love to meditate. But they don’t glorify themselves or put down others on account of their love for giving up and meditation.Furthermore, a mendicant enjoys giving up and loves to give up. They enjoy meditation and love to meditate. But they don’t glorify themselves or put down others on account of their love for giving up and meditation.A mendicant who is deft, tireless, aware, and mindful in this is said to stand in the ancient, primordial noble custom.A mendicant who is deft, tireless, aware, and mindful in this is said to stand in the ancient, primordial noble custom.Four efforts:Four efforts:

The efforts to restrain, to give up, to develop, and to preserve.The efforts to restrain, to give up, to develop, and to preserve.And what is the effort to restrain?And what is the effort to restrain?When a mendicant sees a sight with their eyes, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.When a mendicant sees a sight with their eyes, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.

If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving its restraint.If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving its restraint.When they hear a sound with their ears …When they hear a sound with their ears …When they smell an odor with their nose …When they smell an odor with their nose …

When they taste a flavor with their tongue …When they taste a flavor with their tongue …When they feel a touch with their body …When they feel a touch with their body …When they know an idea with their mind, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.When they know an idea with their mind, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.

If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving its restraint.If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving its restraint.This is called the effort to restrain.This is called the effort to restrain.And what is the effort to give up?And what is the effort to give up?

It’s when a mendicant doesn’t tolerate a sensual,It’s when a mendicant doesn’t tolerate a sensual,malicious,malicious,or cruel thought that’s arisen, but gives it up, dispels it, eliminates it, and obliterates it.or cruel thought that’s arisen, but gives it up, dispels it, eliminates it, and obliterates it.

They don’t tolerate any bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen, but give them up, dispel them, eliminate them, and obliterate them.They don’t tolerate any bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen, but give them up, dispel them, eliminate them, and obliterate them.This is called the effort to give up.This is called the effort to give up.And what is the effort to develop?And what is the effort to develop?

It’s when a mendicant develops the awakening factors of mindfulness,It’s when a mendicant develops the awakening factors of mindfulness,investigation of principles,investigation of principles,energy,energy,

rapture,rapture,tranquility,tranquility,immersion,immersion,

and equanimity, which rely on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripen as letting go.and equanimity, which rely on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripen as letting go.This is called the effort to develop.This is called the effort to develop.And what is the effort to preserve?And what is the effort to preserve?

It’s when a mendicant preserves a meditation subject that’s a fine basis of immersion: the perception of a skeleton, a worm-infested corpse, a livid corpse, a split open corpse, or a bloated corpse.It’s when a mendicant preserves a meditation subject that’s a fine basis of immersion: the perception of a skeleton, a worm-infested corpse, a livid corpse, a split open corpse, or a bloated corpse.This is called the effort to preserve.This is called the effort to preserve.Four knowledges:Four knowledges:

knowledge of the teaching, inferential knowledge, knowledge of encompassing, and conventional knowledge.knowledge of the teaching, inferential knowledge, knowledge of encompassing, and conventional knowledge.Another four knowledges:Another four knowledges:knowing about suffering, the origin of suffering, the cessation of suffering, and the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering.knowing about suffering, the origin of suffering, the cessation of suffering, and the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering.

Four factors for stream-entry:Four factors for stream-entry:associating with true persons, listening to the true teaching, rational application of mind, and practicing in line with the teaching.associating with true persons, listening to the true teaching, rational application of mind, and practicing in line with the teaching.Four factors of a stream-enterer:Four factors of a stream-enterer:

A noble disciple has experiential confidence in the Buddha:A noble disciple has experiential confidence in the Buddha:‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’They have experiential confidence in the teaching:They have experiential confidence in the teaching:

‘The teaching is well explained by the Buddha—apparent in the present life, immediately effective, inviting inspection, relevant, so that sensible people can know it for themselves.’‘The teaching is well explained by the Buddha—apparent in the present life, immediately effective, inviting inspection, relevant, so that sensible people can know it for themselves.’They have experiential confidence in the Saṅgha:They have experiential confidence in the Saṅgha:‘The Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples is practicing the way that’s good, direct, systematic, and proper. It consists of the four pairs, the eight individual persons. This is the Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples that is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, worthy of greeting with cupped palms, and is the supreme field of merit for the world.’‘The Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples is practicing the way that’s good, direct, systematic, and proper. It consists of the four pairs, the eight individual persons. This is the Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples that is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, worthy of greeting with cupped palms, and is the supreme field of merit for the world.’

And a noble disciple’s ethical conduct is loved by the noble ones, unbroken, impeccable, spotless, and unmarred, liberating, praised by sensible people, not mistaken, and leading to immersion.And a noble disciple’s ethical conduct is loved by the noble ones, unbroken, impeccable, spotless, and unmarred, liberating, praised by sensible people, not mistaken, and leading to immersion.Four fruits of the ascetic life:Four fruits of the ascetic life:stream-entry, once-return, non-return, and perfection.stream-entry, once-return, non-return, and perfection.

Four elements:Four elements:earth, water, fire, and air.earth, water, fire, and air.Four foods:Four foods:

edible food, whether solid or subtle; contact is the second, mental intention the third, and consciousness the fourth.edible food, whether solid or subtle; contact is the second, mental intention the third, and consciousness the fourth.Four establishings of consciousness:Four establishings of consciousness:As long as consciousness continues, it gets involved with form, supported by form, established on form. And with a sprinkle of relishing, it grows, increases, and matures.As long as consciousness continues, it gets involved with form, supported by form, established on form. And with a sprinkle of relishing, it grows, increases, and matures.

Or consciousness gets involved with feeling …Or consciousness gets involved with feeling …Or consciousness gets involved with perception …Or consciousness gets involved with perception …Or as long as consciousness continues, it gets involved with choices, supported by choices, established on choices. And with a sprinkle of relishing, it grows, increases, and matures.Or as long as consciousness continues, it gets involved with choices, supported by choices, established on choices. And with a sprinkle of relishing, it grows, increases, and matures.

Four prejudices:Four prejudices:making decisions prejudiced by favoritism, hostility, stupidity, and cowardice.making decisions prejudiced by favoritism, hostility, stupidity, and cowardice.Four things that give rise to craving:Four things that give rise to craving: