长部第 30 经（Sujato 英译）第 6 阅读页 · The Marks of a Great Man · 6/6

If he becomes an aristocrat, ruler of the land,If he becomes an aristocrat, ruler of the land,his assembly will be indivisible.his assembly will be indivisible.And as an ascetic, stainless, immaculate,And as an ascetic, stainless, immaculate,

his assembly will follow him, unshakable.”his assembly will follow him, unshakable.”

28–29. A Large Tongue and the Voice of the Divinity28–29. A Large Tongue and the Voice of the Divinity

“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.He refrained from harsh speech. He spoke in a way that’s mellow, pleasing to the ear, endearing, going to the heart, polite, and likable and agreeable to the people.He refrained from harsh speech. He spoke in a way that’s mellow, pleasing to the ear, endearing, going to the heart, polite, and likable and agreeable to the people.Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.

When he came back to this place he obtained these two marks:When he came back to this place he obtained these two marks:he has a large tongue, and the voice of the Divinity, like a cuckoo’s call.he has a large tongue, and the voice of the Divinity, like a cuckoo’s call.Possessing these marks, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.Possessing these marks, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.

And what does he obtain as king?And what does he obtain as king?He has a compelling voice. His words are compelling to brahmins and householders, people of town and country, treasurers and chief ministers, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, councillors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.He has a compelling voice. His words are compelling to brahmins and householders, people of town and country, treasurers and chief ministers, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, councillors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.That’s what he obtains as king.That’s what he obtains as king.

And what does he obtain as Buddha?And what does he obtain as Buddha?He has a compelling voice. His words are compelling to monks, nuns, laymen, laywomen, gods, humans, titans, dragons, and centaurs.He has a compelling voice. His words are compelling to monks, nuns, laymen, laywomen, gods, humans, titans, dragons, and centaurs.That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”

The Buddha spoke this matter.The Buddha spoke this matter.On this it is said:On this it is said:“He never spoke a loud harsh word,“He never spoke a loud harsh word,

insulting, quarrelsome,insulting, quarrelsome,causing harm, rude, crushing the people.causing harm, rude, crushing the people.His speech was sweet, helpful, and courteous.His speech was sweet, helpful, and courteous.

He uttered words dear to the mind,He uttered words dear to the mind,going to the heart, pleasing to the ear.going to the heart, pleasing to the ear.He enjoyed the fruit of his good verbal conduct,He enjoyed the fruit of his good verbal conduct,

experiencing the fruit of good deeds in heaven.experiencing the fruit of good deeds in heaven.Having experienced that fruit,Having experienced that fruit,on his return to here he acquired the voice of the Divinity.on his return to here he acquired the voice of the Divinity.

His tongue was long and wide,His tongue was long and wide,and his speech was compelling.and his speech was compelling.Even as householder his speech brings prosperity.Even as householder his speech brings prosperity.

But if that man goes forth,But if that man goes forth,speaking often to the people,speaking often to the people,they’ll be compelled by his fair words.”they’ll be compelled by his fair words.”

30. A Lion-Like Jaw30. A Lion-Like Jaw

“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.He refrained from talking nonsense. His words were timely, true, and meaningful, in line with the teaching and training. He said things at the right time which were valuable, reasonable, succinct, and beneficial.He refrained from talking nonsense. His words were timely, true, and meaningful, in line with the teaching and training. He said things at the right time which were valuable, reasonable, succinct, and beneficial.Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.Due to performing those deeds he was reborn in a heavenly realm.

When he came back to this place he obtained this mark:When he came back to this place he obtained this mark:his jaw is like that of a lion.his jaw is like that of a lion.Possessing this mark, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.Possessing this mark, if he stays at home he becomes a wheel-turning monarch.

And what does he obtain as king?And what does he obtain as king?He can’t be destroyed by any human foe or enemy.He can’t be destroyed by any human foe or enemy.That’s what he obtains as king.That’s what he obtains as king.

And what does he obtain as Buddha?And what does he obtain as Buddha?He can’t be destroyed by any foe or enemy whether internal or external; nor by greed, hate, or delusion; nor by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or divinity or by anyone in the world.He can’t be destroyed by any foe or enemy whether internal or external; nor by greed, hate, or delusion; nor by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or divinity or by anyone in the world.That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”

The Buddha spoke this matter.The Buddha spoke this matter.On this it is said:On this it is said:“Neither nonsensical nor silly,“Neither nonsensical nor silly,

his way of speaking was never loose.his way of speaking was never loose.He cast aside what was unbeneficial,He cast aside what was unbeneficial,and spoke for the welfare and happiness of the people.and spoke for the welfare and happiness of the people.

So doing he passed from here to be reborn in heaven,So doing he passed from here to be reborn in heaven,where he enjoyed the fruit of deeds well done.where he enjoyed the fruit of deeds well done.Passing away, on his return to here,Passing away, on his return to here,

he gained a jaw like the finest of beasts.he gained a jaw like the finest of beasts.He became a king so very hard to defeat,He became a king so very hard to defeat,a mighty lord and ruler of mankind.a mighty lord and ruler of mankind.

He was equal to the best in the city of the Third Heaven,He was equal to the best in the city of the Third Heaven,like Indra, the finest of gods.like Indra, the finest of gods.One such as that is not easily beaten by centaurs,One such as that is not easily beaten by centaurs,

titans, spirits, monsters, or gods.titans, spirits, monsters, or gods.If he becomes of that sort,If he becomes of that sort,he illuminates the quarters and in-between.”he illuminates the quarters and in-between.”

31–32. Even and White Teeth31–32. Even and White Teeth

“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.“Mendicants, in some past lives the Realized One was reborn as a human being.He gave up wrong livelihood and earned a living by right livelihood. He refrained from falsifying weights, metals, or measures; bribery, fraud, cheating, and duplicity; mutilation, murder, abduction, banditry, plunder, and violence.He gave up wrong livelihood and earned a living by right livelihood. He refrained from falsifying weights, metals, or measures; bribery, fraud, cheating, and duplicity; mutilation, murder, abduction, banditry, plunder, and violence.Due to performing, accumulating, heaping up, and amassing those deeds, when his body broke up, after death, he was reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.Due to performing, accumulating, heaping up, and amassing those deeds, when his body broke up, after death, he was reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.

There he surpassed the other gods in ten respects: heavenly lifespan, beauty, happiness, glory, sovereignty, sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and touches.There he surpassed the other gods in ten respects: heavenly lifespan, beauty, happiness, glory, sovereignty, sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and touches.When he came back to this place he obtained these two marks: his teeth are even and perfectly white.When he came back to this place he obtained these two marks: his teeth are even and perfectly white.Possessing these marks, if he stays at home he becomes a king, a wheel-turning monarch, a just and principled king. His dominion extends to all four sides, he achieves stability in the country, and he possesses the seven treasures.Possessing these marks, if he stays at home he becomes a king, a wheel-turning monarch, a just and principled king. His dominion extends to all four sides, he achieves stability in the country, and he possesses the seven treasures.

He has the following seven treasures:He has the following seven treasures:the wheel, the elephant, the horse, the jewel, the woman, the householder, and the commander as the seventh treasure.the wheel, the elephant, the horse, the jewel, the woman, the householder, and the commander as the seventh treasure.He has over a thousand sons who are valiant and heroic, crushing the armies of his enemies.He has over a thousand sons who are valiant and heroic, crushing the armies of his enemies.

After conquering this land girt by sea—free of harassment by bandits, successful and prosperous, safe, blessed, free of pests—he reigns by principle, without rod or sword.After conquering this land girt by sea—free of harassment by bandits, successful and prosperous, safe, blessed, free of pests—he reigns by principle, without rod or sword.And what does he obtain as king?And what does he obtain as king?His retinue is pure. This includes brahmins and householders, people of town and country, treasurers and chief ministers, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, councillors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.His retinue is pure. This includes brahmins and householders, people of town and country, treasurers and chief ministers, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, councillors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.

That’s what he obtains as king.That’s what he obtains as king.But if he goes forth from the lay life to homelessness, he becomes a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha, who has cast off the world’s veil.But if he goes forth from the lay life to homelessness, he becomes a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha, who has cast off the world’s veil.And what does he obtain as Buddha?And what does he obtain as Buddha?

His retinue is pure. This includes monks, nuns, laymen, laywomen, gods, humans, titans, dragons, and centaurs.His retinue is pure. This includes monks, nuns, laymen, laywomen, gods, humans, titans, dragons, and centaurs.That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”That’s what he obtains as Buddha.”The Buddha spoke this matter.The Buddha spoke this matter.

On this it is said:On this it is said:“He abandoned wrong livelihood, and created“He abandoned wrong livelihood, and createda way of life that’s fair, pure, and just.a way of life that’s fair, pure, and just.

He cast aside what was unbeneficial,He cast aside what was unbeneficial,and lived for the welfare and happiness of the people.and lived for the welfare and happiness of the people.Having done what’s praised by the clever, the wise, and the good,Having done what’s praised by the clever, the wise, and the good,

that man experienced the fruit in heaven.that man experienced the fruit in heaven.Equal to the best in the Third Heaven,Equal to the best in the Third Heaven,he enjoyed himself with pleasure and play.he enjoyed himself with pleasure and play.

From there he passed back to a human life.From there he passed back to a human life.With the remaining ripening of the fruit of good deeds,With the remaining ripening of the fruit of good deeds,he obtained teeth that are even,he obtained teeth that are even,

gleaming, bright, and white.gleaming, bright, and white.Many soothsayers regarded as wise menMany soothsayers regarded as wise mengathered and predicted of him:gathered and predicted of him:

‘With twice-born teeth so even, so white, so clean and bright‘With twice-born teeth so even, so white, so clean and brighthis retinue will be so pure.his retinue will be so pure.As king, his people will also be pure,As king, his people will also be pure,

when he rules having conquered this earth so broad.when he rules having conquered this earth so broad.They won’t harm the country,They won’t harm the country,but will live for the welfare and happiness of the people.but will live for the welfare and happiness of the people.

But if he goes forth he’ll be an ascetic free of ill,But if he goes forth he’ll be an ascetic free of ill,his passions quelled, the veil cast off.his passions quelled, the veil cast off.Rid of stress and weariness,Rid of stress and weariness,

he sees this world and the next.he sees this world and the next.Those who do his bidding, both lay and renunciate,Those who do his bidding, both lay and renunciate,shake off wickedness, impure and blameworthy.shake off wickedness, impure and blameworthy.

He’s surrounded by pure people, who cast asideHe’s surrounded by pure people, who cast asidestains, callousness, sin, and corruptions.’”stains, callousness, sin, and corruptions.’”That is what the Buddha said.That is what the Buddha said.

Satisfied, the mendicants approved what the Buddha said.Satisfied, the mendicants approved what the Buddha said.