增支部第 6 集（Sujato 英译）第 59 阅读页 · AN6.58 · Defilements

Numbered Discourses 6.58Numbered Discourses 6.586. The Great Chapter6. The Great Chapter

DefilementsDefilements“Mendicants, a mendicant with six qualities is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, worthy of veneration with cupped palms, and is the supreme field of merit for the world.“Mendicants, a mendicant with six qualities is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, worthy of veneration with cupped palms, and is the supreme field of merit for the world.What six?What six?

It’s a mendicant who, by restraint, has given up the defilements that should be given up by restraint.It’s a mendicant who, by restraint, has given up the defilements that should be given up by restraint.By using, they’ve given up the defilements that should be given up by using.By using, they’ve given up the defilements that should be given up by using.By enduring, they’ve given up the defilements that should be given up by enduring.By enduring, they’ve given up the defilements that should be given up by enduring.

By avoiding, they’ve given up the defilements that should be given up by avoiding.By avoiding, they’ve given up the defilements that should be given up by avoiding.By dispelling, they’ve given up the defilements that should be given up by dispelling.By dispelling, they’ve given up the defilements that should be given up by dispelling.By developing, they’ve given up the defilements that should be given up by developing.By developing, they’ve given up the defilements that should be given up by developing.

And what are the defilements that should be given up by restraint?And what are the defilements that should be given up by restraint?Take a mendicant who, reflecting rationally, lives restraining the eye faculty.Take a mendicant who, reflecting rationally, lives restraining the eye faculty.For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without restraint of the eye faculty do not arise when there is such restraint.For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without restraint of the eye faculty do not arise when there is such restraint.

Reflecting rationally, they live restraining the ear faculty …Reflecting rationally, they live restraining the ear faculty …the nose faculty …the nose faculty …the tongue faculty …the tongue faculty …

the body faculty …the body faculty …the mind faculty.the mind faculty.For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without restraint of the mind faculty do not arise when there is such restraint.For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without restraint of the mind faculty do not arise when there is such restraint.

These are called the defilements that should be given up by restraint.These are called the defilements that should be given up by restraint.And what are the defilements that should be given up by using?And what are the defilements that should be given up by using?Take a mendicant who, reflecting rationally, makes use of robes:Take a mendicant who, reflecting rationally, makes use of robes:

‘Only for the sake of warding off cold and heat; for warding off the touch of flies, mosquitoes, wind, sun, and reptiles; and for covering up the private parts.’‘Only for the sake of warding off cold and heat; for warding off the touch of flies, mosquitoes, wind, sun, and reptiles; and for covering up the private parts.’Reflecting rationally, they make use of almsfood:Reflecting rationally, they make use of almsfood:‘Not for fun, indulgence, adornment, or decoration, but only to sustain this body, to avoid harm, and to support spiritual practice. In this way, I shall put an end to old discomfort and not give rise to new discomfort, and I will have the means to keep going, blamelessness, and a comfortable abiding.’‘Not for fun, indulgence, adornment, or decoration, but only to sustain this body, to avoid harm, and to support spiritual practice. In this way, I shall put an end to old discomfort and not give rise to new discomfort, and I will have the means to keep going, blamelessness, and a comfortable abiding.’

Reflecting rationally, they make use of lodgings:Reflecting rationally, they make use of lodgings:‘Only for the sake of warding off cold and heat; for warding off the touch of flies, mosquitoes, wind, sun, and reptiles; to shelter from harsh weather and to enjoy retreat.’‘Only for the sake of warding off cold and heat; for warding off the touch of flies, mosquitoes, wind, sun, and reptiles; to shelter from harsh weather and to enjoy retreat.’Reflecting rationally, they make use of medicines and supplies for the sick:Reflecting rationally, they make use of medicines and supplies for the sick:

‘Only for the sake of warding off the pains of illness and to promote good health.’‘Only for the sake of warding off the pains of illness and to promote good health.’For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without using these things do not arise when they are used.For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without using these things do not arise when they are used.These are called the defilements that should be given up by using.These are called the defilements that should be given up by using.

And what are the defilements that should be given up by enduring?And what are the defilements that should be given up by enduring?Take a mendicant who, reflecting rationally, endures cold, heat, hunger, and thirst. They endure the touch of flies, mosquitoes, wind, sun, and reptiles. They endure rude and unwelcome criticism. And they put up with physical pain—sharp, severe, acute, unpleasant, disagreeable, and life-threatening.Take a mendicant who, reflecting rationally, endures cold, heat, hunger, and thirst. They endure the touch of flies, mosquitoes, wind, sun, and reptiles. They endure rude and unwelcome criticism. And they put up with physical pain—sharp, severe, acute, unpleasant, disagreeable, and life-threatening.

For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without enduring these things do not arise when they are endured.For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without enduring these things do not arise when they are endured.These are called the defilements that should be given up by enduring.These are called the defilements that should be given up by enduring.And what are the defilements that should be given up by avoiding?And what are the defilements that should be given up by avoiding?

Take a mendicant who, reflecting rationally, avoids a wild elephant, a wild horse, a wild ox, a wild dog, a snake, a stump, thorny ground, a pit, a cliff, a swamp, and a sewer. Reflecting rationally, they avoid sitting on inappropriate seats, walking in inappropriate neighborhoods, and mixing with bad friends—whatever sensible spiritual companions would believe to be a bad setting.Take a mendicant who, reflecting rationally, avoids a wild elephant, a wild horse, a wild ox, a wild dog, a snake, a stump, thorny ground, a pit, a cliff, a swamp, and a sewer. Reflecting rationally, they avoid sitting on inappropriate seats, walking in inappropriate neighborhoods, and mixing with bad friends—whatever sensible spiritual companions would believe to be a bad setting.

For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without avoiding these things do not arise when they are avoided.For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without avoiding these things do not arise when they are avoided.These are called the defilements that should be given up by avoiding.These are called the defilements that should be given up by avoiding.And what are the defilements that should be given up by dispelling?And what are the defilements that should be given up by dispelling?

Take a mendicant who, reflecting rationally, doesn’t tolerate a sensual,Take a mendicant who, reflecting rationally, doesn’t tolerate a sensual,malicious,malicious,or cruel thought that has arisen, but gives it up, dispels it, eliminates it, and obliterates it.or cruel thought that has arisen, but gives it up, dispels it, eliminates it, and obliterates it.

They don’t tolerate any bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen, but give them up, dispel them, eliminate them, and obliterate them.They don’t tolerate any bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen, but give them up, dispel them, eliminate them, and obliterate them.For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without dispelling these things do not arise when they are dispelled.For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without dispelling these things do not arise when they are dispelled.These are called the defilements that should be given up by dispelling.These are called the defilements that should be given up by dispelling.

And what are the defilements that should be given up by developing?And what are the defilements that should be given up by developing?Take a mendicant who, reflecting rationally, develops the awakening factors of mindfulness,Take a mendicant who, reflecting rationally, develops the awakening factors of mindfulness,investigation of principles,investigation of principles,

energy,energy,rapture,rapture,tranquility,tranquility,

immersion,immersion,and equanimity, which rely on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripen as letting go.and equanimity, which rely on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripen as letting go.For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without developing these things do not arise when they are developed.For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without developing these things do not arise when they are developed.

These are called the defilements that should be given up by developing.These are called the defilements that should be given up by developing.A mendicant with these six qualities is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, worthy of veneration with cupped palms, and is the supreme field of merit for the world.”A mendicant with these six qualities is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, worthy of veneration with cupped palms, and is the supreme field of merit for the world.”