增支部第 5 集（Sujato 英译）第 181 阅读页 · AN5.180 · About Gavesī

Numbered Discourses 5.180Numbered Discourses 5.18018. A Lay Follower18. A Lay Follower

About GavesīAbout GavesīAt one time the Buddha was wandering in the land of the Kosalans together with a large Saṅgha of mendicants.At one time the Buddha was wandering in the land of the Kosalans together with a large Saṅgha of mendicants.While traveling along a road the Buddha saw a large sal grove in a certain spot.While traveling along a road the Buddha saw a large sal grove in a certain spot.

He left the road, went to the sal grove, and plunged deep into it. And at a certain spot he smiled.He left the road, went to the sal grove, and plunged deep into it. And at a certain spot he smiled.Then Venerable Ānanda thought,Then Venerable Ānanda thought,“What is the cause, what is the reason why the Buddha smiled?“What is the cause, what is the reason why the Buddha smiled?

Realized Ones do not smile for no reason.”Realized Ones do not smile for no reason.”So Venerable Ānanda said to the Buddha,So Venerable Ānanda said to the Buddha,“What is the cause, what is the reason why the Buddha smiled?“What is the cause, what is the reason why the Buddha smiled?

Realized Ones do not smile for no reason.”Realized Ones do not smile for no reason.”“Once upon a time, Ānanda, there was a city in this spot that was successful and prosperous, populous and full of people.“Once upon a time, Ānanda, there was a city in this spot that was successful and prosperous, populous and full of people.And Kassapa, a blessed one, a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha, lived supported by that city.And Kassapa, a blessed one, a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha, lived supported by that city.

He had a lay follower named Gavesī who had not fulfilled all the precepts.He had a lay follower named Gavesī who had not fulfilled all the precepts.And the five hundred lay followers who were taught and advised by Gavesī also had not fulfilled all the precepts.And the five hundred lay followers who were taught and advised by Gavesī also had not fulfilled all the precepts.Then Gavesī thought:Then Gavesī thought:

‘I’m the helper, leader, and adviser of these five hundred lay followers, yet neither I nor they have fulfilled the precepts.‘I’m the helper, leader, and adviser of these five hundred lay followers, yet neither I nor they have fulfilled the precepts.We’re the same, I’m in no way better.We’re the same, I’m in no way better.So let me do better.’So let me do better.’

Then Gavesī went to those five hundred lay followers and said to them:Then Gavesī went to those five hundred lay followers and said to them:‘From this day forth may the venerables remember me as one who has fulfilled the precepts.’‘From this day forth may the venerables remember me as one who has fulfilled the precepts.’Then those five hundred lay followers thought:Then those five hundred lay followers thought:

‘Master Gavesī is our helper, leader, and adviser,‘Master Gavesī is our helper, leader, and adviser,and now he will fulfill the precepts.and now he will fulfill the precepts.Why don’t we do the same?’Why don’t we do the same?’

Then those five hundred lay followers went to Gavesī and said to him:Then those five hundred lay followers went to Gavesī and said to him:‘From this day forth may Master Gavesī remember these five hundred lay followers as having fulfilled the precepts.’‘From this day forth may Master Gavesī remember these five hundred lay followers as having fulfilled the precepts.’Then Gavesī thought:Then Gavesī thought:

‘I’m the helper, leader, and adviser of these five hundred lay followers, and both I and they have fulfilled the precepts.‘I’m the helper, leader, and adviser of these five hundred lay followers, and both I and they have fulfilled the precepts.We’re the same, I’m in no way better.We’re the same, I’m in no way better.So let me do better.’So let me do better.’

Then Gavesī went to those five hundred lay followers and said to them:Then Gavesī went to those five hundred lay followers and said to them:‘From this day forth may the venerables remember me as one who is chaste, set apart, refraining from the vulgar act of sex.’‘From this day forth may the venerables remember me as one who is chaste, set apart, refraining from the vulgar act of sex.’Then those five hundred lay followers did the same. …Then those five hundred lay followers did the same. …

Then Gavesī thought:Then Gavesī thought:‘These five hundred lay followers …‘These five hundred lay followers …are chaste, set apart, refraining from the vulgar act of sex.are chaste, set apart, refraining from the vulgar act of sex.

We’re the same, I’m in no way better.We’re the same, I’m in no way better.So let me do better.’So let me do better.’Then Gavesī went to those five hundred lay followers and said to them:Then Gavesī went to those five hundred lay followers and said to them:

‘From this day forth may the venerables remember me as one who eats in one part of the day, abstaining from eating at night, and from food at the wrong time.’‘From this day forth may the venerables remember me as one who eats in one part of the day, abstaining from eating at night, and from food at the wrong time.’Then those five hundred lay followers did the same. …Then those five hundred lay followers did the same. …Then Gavesī thought:Then Gavesī thought:

‘These five hundred lay followers …‘These five hundred lay followers …eat in one part of the day, abstaining from eating at night, and food at the wrong time.eat in one part of the day, abstaining from eating at night, and food at the wrong time.We’re the same, I’m in no way better.We’re the same, I’m in no way better.

So let me do better.’So let me do better.’Then the lay follower Gavesī went up to the blessed one Kassapa, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha and said to him:Then the lay follower Gavesī went up to the blessed one Kassapa, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha and said to him:‘Sir, may I receive the going forth, the ordination in the Buddha’s presence?’‘Sir, may I receive the going forth, the ordination in the Buddha’s presence?’

And he received the going forth, the ordination in the Buddha’s presence.And he received the going forth, the ordination in the Buddha’s presence.Not long after his ordination, the mendicant Gavesī, living alone, withdrawn, diligent, keen, and resolute, soon realized the supreme culmination of the spiritual path in this very life. He lived having achieved with his own insight the goal for which gentlemen rightly go forth from the lay life to homelessness.Not long after his ordination, the mendicant Gavesī, living alone, withdrawn, diligent, keen, and resolute, soon realized the supreme culmination of the spiritual path in this very life. He lived having achieved with his own insight the goal for which gentlemen rightly go forth from the lay life to homelessness.

He understood: ‘Rebirth is ended; the spiritual journey has been completed; what had to be done has been done; there is nothing further for this place.’He understood: ‘Rebirth is ended; the spiritual journey has been completed; what had to be done has been done; there is nothing further for this place.’And the mendicant Gavesī became one of the perfected.And the mendicant Gavesī became one of the perfected.Then those five hundred lay followers thought:Then those five hundred lay followers thought:

‘Master Gavesī is our helper, leader, and adviser,‘Master Gavesī is our helper, leader, and adviser,He has shaved off his hair and beard, dressed in ocher robes, and gone forth from the lay life to homelessness.He has shaved off his hair and beard, dressed in ocher robes, and gone forth from the lay life to homelessness.Why don’t we do the same?’Why don’t we do the same?’

Then those five hundred lay followers went up to the blessed one Kassapa, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha and said to him:Then those five hundred lay followers went up to the blessed one Kassapa, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha and said to him:‘Sir, may we receive the going forth and ordination in the Buddha’s presence?’‘Sir, may we receive the going forth and ordination in the Buddha’s presence?’And they did receive the going forth and ordination in the Buddha’s presence.And they did receive the going forth and ordination in the Buddha’s presence.

Then the mendicant Gavesī thought:Then the mendicant Gavesī thought:‘I get the supreme bliss of freedom whenever I want, without trouble or difficulty.‘I get the supreme bliss of freedom whenever I want, without trouble or difficulty.Oh, may these five hundred mendicants do the same!’Oh, may these five hundred mendicants do the same!’

Then those five hundred mendicants, living alone, withdrawn, diligent, keen, and resolute, soon realized the supreme culmination of the spiritual path in this very life. They lived having achieved with their own insight the goal for which gentlemen rightly go forth from the lay life to homelessness.Then those five hundred mendicants, living alone, withdrawn, diligent, keen, and resolute, soon realized the supreme culmination of the spiritual path in this very life. They lived having achieved with their own insight the goal for which gentlemen rightly go forth from the lay life to homelessness.They understood: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place.’They understood: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place.’

And so, Ānanda, those five hundred mendicants headed by Gavesī, trying to go higher and higher, better and better, realized the supreme bliss of freedom.And so, Ānanda, those five hundred mendicants headed by Gavesī, trying to go higher and higher, better and better, realized the supreme bliss of freedom.So you should train like this:So you should train like this:‘Trying to go higher and higher, better and better, we will realize the supreme bliss of freedom.’‘Trying to go higher and higher, better and better, we will realize the supreme bliss of freedom.’

That’s how you should train.”That’s how you should train.”