增支部第 5 集（Sujato 英译）第 48 阅读页 · AN5.48 · Things That Cannot Be Had

Numbered Discourses 5.48Numbered Discourses 5.485. With King Muṇḍa5. With King Muṇḍa

Things That Cannot Be HadThings That Cannot Be Had“Mendicants, there are five things that cannot be had by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or divinity or by anyone in the world.“Mendicants, there are five things that cannot be had by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or divinity or by anyone in the world.What five?What five?

That someone liable to old age should not grow old.That someone liable to old age should not grow old.That someone liable to sickness should not get sick. … That someone liable to death should not die. … That someone liable to ending should not end. … That someone liable to perishing should not perish. …That someone liable to sickness should not get sick. … That someone liable to death should not die. … That someone liable to ending should not end. … That someone liable to perishing should not perish. …An unlearned ordinary person has someone liable to old age who grows old.An unlearned ordinary person has someone liable to old age who grows old.

But they don’t reflect on old age:But they don’t reflect on old age:‘It’s not just me who has someone liable to old age who grows old. For as long as sentient beings come and go, pass away and are reborn, they all have someone liable to old age who grows old.‘It’s not just me who has someone liable to old age who grows old. For as long as sentient beings come and go, pass away and are reborn, they all have someone liable to old age who grows old.If I were to sorrow and wail and lament, beating my breast and falling into confusion, just because someone liable to old age grows old, I’d lose my appetite and my physical appearance would deteriorate. My work wouldn’t get done, my enemies would be encouraged, and my friends would be dispirited.’If I were to sorrow and wail and lament, beating my breast and falling into confusion, just because someone liable to old age grows old, I’d lose my appetite and my physical appearance would deteriorate. My work wouldn’t get done, my enemies would be encouraged, and my friends would be dispirited.’

And so, when someone liable to old age grows old, they sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion.And so, when someone liable to old age grows old, they sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion.This is calledThis is calledan unlearned ordinary person struck by sorrow’s poisoned arrow, who only mortifies themselves.an unlearned ordinary person struck by sorrow’s poisoned arrow, who only mortifies themselves.

Furthermore, an unlearned ordinary person has someone liable to sickness … death … ending … perishing.Furthermore, an unlearned ordinary person has someone liable to sickness … death … ending … perishing.But they don’t reflect on perishing:But they don’t reflect on perishing:‘It’s not just me who has someone liable to perishing who perishes. For as long as sentient beings come and go, pass away and are reborn, they all have someone liable to perishing who perishes.‘It’s not just me who has someone liable to perishing who perishes. For as long as sentient beings come and go, pass away and are reborn, they all have someone liable to perishing who perishes.

If I were to sorrow and wail and lament, beating my breast and falling into confusion, just because someone liable to perishing perishes, I’d lose my appetite and my physical appearance would deteriorate. My work wouldn’t get done, my enemies would be encouraged, and my friends would be dispirited.’If I were to sorrow and wail and lament, beating my breast and falling into confusion, just because someone liable to perishing perishes, I’d lose my appetite and my physical appearance would deteriorate. My work wouldn’t get done, my enemies would be encouraged, and my friends would be dispirited.’And so, when someone liable to perishing perishes, they sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion.And so, when someone liable to perishing perishes, they sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion.

This is calledThis is calledan unlearned ordinary person struck by sorrow’s poisoned arrow, who only mortifies themselves.an unlearned ordinary person struck by sorrow’s poisoned arrow, who only mortifies themselves.A learned noble disciple has someone liable to old age who grows old.A learned noble disciple has someone liable to old age who grows old.

So they reflect on old age:So they reflect on old age:‘It’s not just me who has someone liable to old age who grows old. For as long as sentient beings come and go, pass away and are reborn, they all have someone liable to old age who grows old.‘It’s not just me who has someone liable to old age who grows old. For as long as sentient beings come and go, pass away and are reborn, they all have someone liable to old age who grows old.If I were to sorrow and wail and lament, beating my breast and falling into confusion, just because someone liable to old age grows old, I’d lose my appetite and my physical appearance would deteriorate. My work wouldn’t get done, my enemies would be encouraged, and my friends would be dispirited.’If I were to sorrow and wail and lament, beating my breast and falling into confusion, just because someone liable to old age grows old, I’d lose my appetite and my physical appearance would deteriorate. My work wouldn’t get done, my enemies would be encouraged, and my friends would be dispirited.’

And so, when someone liable to old age grows old, they don’t sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion.And so, when someone liable to old age grows old, they don’t sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion.This is calledThis is calleda learned noble disciple who has drawn out sorrow’s poisoned arrow, struck by which unlearned ordinary people only mortify themselves.a learned noble disciple who has drawn out sorrow’s poisoned arrow, struck by which unlearned ordinary people only mortify themselves.

Sorrowless, free of thorns, that noble disciple only extinguishes themselves.Sorrowless, free of thorns, that noble disciple only extinguishes themselves.Furthermore, a learned noble disciple has someone liable to sickness … death … ending … perishing.Furthermore, a learned noble disciple has someone liable to sickness … death … ending … perishing.So they reflect on perishing:So they reflect on perishing:

‘It’s not just me who has someone liable to perishing who perishes. For as long as sentient beings come and go, pass away and are reborn, they all have someone liable to perishing who perishes.‘It’s not just me who has someone liable to perishing who perishes. For as long as sentient beings come and go, pass away and are reborn, they all have someone liable to perishing who perishes.If I were to sorrow and wail and lament, beating my breast and falling into confusion, just because someone liable to perishing perishes, I’d lose my appetite and my physical appearance would deteriorate. My work wouldn’t get done, my enemies would be encouraged, and my friends would be dispirited.’If I were to sorrow and wail and lament, beating my breast and falling into confusion, just because someone liable to perishing perishes, I’d lose my appetite and my physical appearance would deteriorate. My work wouldn’t get done, my enemies would be encouraged, and my friends would be dispirited.’

And so, when someone liable to perishing perishes, they don’t sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion.And so, when someone liable to perishing perishes, they don’t sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion.This is calledThis is calleda learned noble disciple who has drawn out sorrow’s poisoned arrow, struck by which unlearned ordinary people only mortify themselves.a learned noble disciple who has drawn out sorrow’s poisoned arrow, struck by which unlearned ordinary people only mortify themselves.

Sorrowless, free of thorns, that noble disciple only extinguishes themselves.Sorrowless, free of thorns, that noble disciple only extinguishes themselves.These are the five things that cannot be had by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or divinity or by anyone in the world.These are the five things that cannot be had by any ascetic or brahmin or god or Māra or divinity or by anyone in the world.Sorrowing and lamentingSorrowing and lamenting

doesn’t do even a little bit of good.doesn’t do even a little bit of good.When they know that you’re sad,When they know that you’re sad,your enemies are encouraged.your enemies are encouraged.

When an astute person doesn’t waver in the face of adversity,When an astute person doesn’t waver in the face of adversity,as they’re able to evaluate what’s beneficial,as they’re able to evaluate what’s beneficial,their enemies suffer,their enemies suffer,

seeing that their normal expression doesn’t change.seeing that their normal expression doesn’t change.Prayers, recitations, fine sayings,Prayers, recitations, fine sayings,or charity of woven rugs:or charity of woven rugs:

if by means of any such things you benefit,if by means of any such things you benefit,then by all means keep doing them.then by all means keep doing them.But if you understand that ‘this good thingBut if you understand that ‘this good thing

can’t be had by me or by anyone else’,can’t be had by me or by anyone else’,you should accept it without sorrowing, thinking:you should accept it without sorrowing, thinking:‘The deed is powerful. What can I do now?’”‘The deed is powerful. What can I do now?’”