增支部第 3 集（Sujato 英译）第 70 阅读页 · AN3.70 · Sabbath · 1/2

Numbered Discourses 3.70Numbered Discourses 3.707. The Great Chapter7. The Great Chapter

SabbathSabbathSo I have heard.So I have heard.At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in the stilt longhouse of Migāra’s mother in the Eastern Monastery.At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in the stilt longhouse of Migāra’s mother in the Eastern Monastery.

Then Visākhā, Migāra’s mother, went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to her,Then Visākhā, Migāra’s mother, went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to her,“So, Visākhā, where are you coming from in the middle of the day?”“So, Visākhā, where are you coming from in the middle of the day?”“Today, sir, I’m observing the sabbath.”“Today, sir, I’m observing the sabbath.”

“There are, Visākhā, these three sabbaths.“There are, Visākhā, these three sabbaths.What three?What three?The sabbath of the cowherds, the sabbath of the Jains, and the sabbath of the noble ones.The sabbath of the cowherds, the sabbath of the Jains, and the sabbath of the noble ones.

And what is the sabbath of the cowherds?And what is the sabbath of the cowherds?It’s just like a cowherd who, in the late afternoon, takes the cows back to their owners. They reflect:It’s just like a cowherd who, in the late afternoon, takes the cows back to their owners. They reflect:‘Today the cows grazed in this spot and that, and they drank in this spot and that.‘Today the cows grazed in this spot and that, and they drank in this spot and that.

Tomorrow the cows will graze in this spot and that, and drink in this spot and that.’Tomorrow the cows will graze in this spot and that, and drink in this spot and that.’In the same way, someone keeping the sabbath reflects:In the same way, someone keeping the sabbath reflects:‘Today I ate this and that, and had a meal of this and that.‘Today I ate this and that, and had a meal of this and that.

Tomorrow I’ll eat this and that, and have a meal of this and that.’Tomorrow I’ll eat this and that, and have a meal of this and that.’And so they spend their day with a mind full of covetousness.And so they spend their day with a mind full of covetousness.That’s the sabbath of the cowherds.That’s the sabbath of the cowherds.

When the cowherd’s sabbath is observed like this it’s not very fruitful or beneficial or brilliant or bountiful.When the cowherd’s sabbath is observed like this it’s not very fruitful or beneficial or brilliant or bountiful.And what is the sabbath of the Jains?And what is the sabbath of the Jains?There’s a kind of ascetic belonging to a group called the Jains.There’s a kind of ascetic belonging to a group called the Jains.

They encourage their disciple:They encourage their disciple:‘Please, my man, don’t hurt any living creatures more than a hundred leagues away to the east.‘Please, my man, don’t hurt any living creatures more than a hundred leagues away to the east.Don’t hurt any living creatures more than a hundred leagues away to the west.Don’t hurt any living creatures more than a hundred leagues away to the west.

Don’t hurt any living creatures more than a hundred leagues away to the north.Don’t hurt any living creatures more than a hundred leagues away to the north.Don’t hurt any living creatures more than a hundred leagues away to the south.’Don’t hurt any living creatures more than a hundred leagues away to the south.’So they encourage kindness and sympathy for some creatures and not others.So they encourage kindness and sympathy for some creatures and not others.

On the sabbath, they encourage their disciple:On the sabbath, they encourage their disciple:‘Please, my man, take off all your clothes and say:‘Please, my man, take off all your clothes and say:“I don’t belong to anyone anywhere! And nothing belongs to me anywhere!”’“I don’t belong to anyone anywhere! And nothing belongs to me anywhere!”’

But their mother and father still know,But their mother and father still know,‘This is our child.’‘This is our child.’And they know,And they know,

‘This is my mother and father.’‘This is my mother and father.’Partner and child still know,Partner and child still know,‘This is our supporter.’‘This is our supporter.’

And they know,And they know,‘This is my partner and child.’‘This is my partner and child.’Bondservants, workers, and staff still know:Bondservants, workers, and staff still know:

‘This is our master.’‘This is our master.’And they know,And they know,‘These are my bondservants, workers, and staff.’‘These are my bondservants, workers, and staff.’

So, at a time when they should be encouraged to speak the truth, the Jains encourage them to lie.So, at a time when they should be encouraged to speak the truth, the Jains encourage them to lie.This, I say, is lying.This, I say, is lying.When the night has passed they use their possessions once more, though they’ve not been given back to them.When the night has passed they use their possessions once more, though they’ve not been given back to them.

This, I say, is stealing.This, I say, is stealing.That’s the sabbath of the Jains.That’s the sabbath of the Jains.When the Jain’s sabbath is observed like this it’s not very fruitful or beneficial or brilliant or bountiful.When the Jain’s sabbath is observed like this it’s not very fruitful or beneficial or brilliant or bountiful.

And what is the sabbath of the noble ones?And what is the sabbath of the noble ones?A corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.A corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?

It’s when a noble disciple recollects the Realized One:It’s when a noble disciple recollects the Realized One:‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’As they recollect the Realized One, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up. It’s just like cleaning a dirty head by exertion.As they recollect the Realized One, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up. It’s just like cleaning a dirty head by exertion.

And how is a dirty head cleaned by exertion?And how is a dirty head cleaned by exertion?With cleansing paste, clay, and water, and by applying the appropriate effort.With cleansing paste, clay, and water, and by applying the appropriate effort.In the same way, a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.In the same way, a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.

And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?It’s when a noble disciple recollects the Realized One:It’s when a noble disciple recollects the Realized One:‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’

As they recollect the Realized One, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.As they recollect the Realized One, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.This is called:This is called:‘A noble disciple who observes the sabbath of the divinity, living together with the divinity. And because they think of the divinity their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.’‘A noble disciple who observes the sabbath of the divinity, living together with the divinity. And because they think of the divinity their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.’

That’s how a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.That’s how a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.A corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.A corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?

It’s when a noble disciple recollects the teaching:It’s when a noble disciple recollects the teaching:‘The teaching is well explained by the Buddha—apparent in the present life, immediately effective, inviting inspection, relevant, so that sensible people can know it for themselves.’‘The teaching is well explained by the Buddha—apparent in the present life, immediately effective, inviting inspection, relevant, so that sensible people can know it for themselves.’As they recollect the teaching, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up. It’s just like cleaning a dirty body by exertion.As they recollect the teaching, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up. It’s just like cleaning a dirty body by exertion.

And how is a dirty body cleaned by exertion?And how is a dirty body cleaned by exertion?With cleanser and powder, water, and by applying the appropriate effort.With cleanser and powder, water, and by applying the appropriate effort.That’s how a dirty body is cleaned by exertion.That’s how a dirty body is cleaned by exertion.

In the same way, a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.In the same way, a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?It’s when a noble disciple recollects the teaching:It’s when a noble disciple recollects the teaching:

‘The teaching is well explained by the Buddha—apparent in the present life, immediately effective, inviting inspection, relevant, so that sensible people can know it for themselves.’‘The teaching is well explained by the Buddha—apparent in the present life, immediately effective, inviting inspection, relevant, so that sensible people can know it for themselves.’As they recollect the teaching, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.As they recollect the teaching, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.This is called: ‘A noble disciple who observes the sabbath of Dhamma, living together with Dhamma. And because they think of the Dhamma their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.’This is called: ‘A noble disciple who observes the sabbath of Dhamma, living together with Dhamma. And because they think of the Dhamma their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.’

That’s how a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.That’s how a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.A corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.A corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?

It’s when a noble disciple recollects the Saṅgha:It’s when a noble disciple recollects the Saṅgha:‘The Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples is practicing the way that’s good, direct, systematic, and proper. It consists of the four pairs, the eight individual persons. This is the Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples that is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, worthy of greeting with cupped palms, and is the supreme field of merit for the world.’‘The Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples is practicing the way that’s good, direct, systematic, and proper. It consists of the four pairs, the eight individual persons. This is the Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples that is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, worthy of greeting with cupped palms, and is the supreme field of merit for the world.’

As they recollect the Saṅgha, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up. It’s just like cleaning a dirty cloth by exertion.As they recollect the Saṅgha, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up. It’s just like cleaning a dirty cloth by exertion.And how is a dirty cloth cleaned by applying effort?And how is a dirty cloth cleaned by applying effort?With salt, lye, cow dung, and water, and by applying the appropriate effort.With salt, lye, cow dung, and water, and by applying the appropriate effort.

That’s how a dirty cloth is cleaned by exertion.That’s how a dirty cloth is cleaned by exertion.In the same way, a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.In the same way, a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?

It’s when a noble disciple recollects the Saṅgha:It’s when a noble disciple recollects the Saṅgha:‘The Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples is practicing the way that’s good, direct, systematic, and proper. It consists of the four pairs, the eight individual persons. This Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, and worthy of veneration with cupped palms. It is the supreme field of merit for the world.’‘The Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples is practicing the way that’s good, direct, systematic, and proper. It consists of the four pairs, the eight individual persons. This Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a religious donation, and worthy of veneration with cupped palms. It is the supreme field of merit for the world.’

As they recollect the Saṅgha, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.As they recollect the Saṅgha, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.This is called: ‘A noble disciple who observes the sabbath of the Saṅgha, living together with the Saṅgha. And because they think of the Saṅgha their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.’This is called: ‘A noble disciple who observes the sabbath of the Saṅgha, living together with the Saṅgha. And because they think of the Saṅgha their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.’That’s how a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.That’s how a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.

A corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.A corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?It’s when a noble disciple recollects their own ethical precepts, which are intact, impeccable, spotless, and unmarred, liberating, praised by sensible people, not mistaken, and leading to immersion.It’s when a noble disciple recollects their own ethical precepts, which are intact, impeccable, spotless, and unmarred, liberating, praised by sensible people, not mistaken, and leading to immersion.

As they recollect their ethical conduct, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up. It’s just like cleaning a dirty mirror by exertion.As they recollect their ethical conduct, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up. It’s just like cleaning a dirty mirror by exertion.And how is a dirty mirror cleaned by exertion?And how is a dirty mirror cleaned by exertion?With oil, ash, a rolled-up cloth, and by applying the appropriate effort.With oil, ash, a rolled-up cloth, and by applying the appropriate effort.

That’s how a dirty mirror is cleaned by exertion.That’s how a dirty mirror is cleaned by exertion.In the same way, a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.In the same way, a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?

It’s when a noble disciple recollects their own ethical precepts, which are intact, impeccable, spotless, and unmarred, liberating, praised by sensible people, not mistaken, and leading to immersion.It’s when a noble disciple recollects their own ethical precepts, which are intact, impeccable, spotless, and unmarred, liberating, praised by sensible people, not mistaken, and leading to immersion.As they recollect their ethical conduct, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.As they recollect their ethical conduct, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.This is called: ‘A noble disciple who observes the sabbath of ethical conduct, living together with ethics. And because they think of their ethical conduct their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.’This is called: ‘A noble disciple who observes the sabbath of ethical conduct, living together with ethics. And because they think of their ethical conduct their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up.’

That’s how a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.That’s how a corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.A corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.A corrupt mind is cleaned by exertion.And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?

It’s when a noble disciple recollects the deities:It’s when a noble disciple recollects the deities:‘There are the gods of the four great kings, the gods of the thirty-three, the gods of Yama, the joyful gods, the gods who love to create, the gods who control what is created by others, the gods of the Divinity’s host, and gods even higher than these.‘There are the gods of the four great kings, the gods of the thirty-three, the gods of Yama, the joyful gods, the gods who love to create, the gods who control what is created by others, the gods of the Divinity’s host, and gods even higher than these.When those deities passed away from here, they were reborn there because of their faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom. I, too, have the same kind of faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom.’When those deities passed away from here, they were reborn there because of their faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom. I, too, have the same kind of faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom.’

As they recollect the faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom of both themselves and those deities, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up. It’s just like cleansing corrupt native gold by exertion.As they recollect the faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom of both themselves and those deities, their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up. It’s just like cleansing corrupt native gold by exertion.And how is corrupt native gold cleansed by applying effort?And how is corrupt native gold cleansed by applying effort?With a furnace, flux, a blowpipe, and tongs, and by applying the appropriate effort.With a furnace, flux, a blowpipe, and tongs, and by applying the appropriate effort.

That’s how corrupt native gold is cleansed by exertion.That’s how corrupt native gold is cleansed by exertion.In the same way, a corrupt mind is cleaned by applying effort.In the same way, a corrupt mind is cleaned by applying effort.And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?And how is a corrupt mind cleaned by exertion?