增支部第 10 集（Sujato 英译）第 101 阅读页 · AN10.99 · With Upāli · 1/2

Numbered Discourses 10.99Numbered Discourses 10.9910. With Upāli10. With Upāli

With UpāliWith UpāliThen Venerable Upāli went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him,Then Venerable Upāli went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him,“Sir, I wish to frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest.”“Sir, I wish to frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest.”

“Upāli, remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest are challenging.“Upāli, remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest are challenging.It’s hard to maintain seclusion and hard to find joy in it.It’s hard to maintain seclusion and hard to find joy in it.Staying alone, the forests seem to rob the mind of a mendicant who isn’t immersed in samādhi.Staying alone, the forests seem to rob the mind of a mendicant who isn’t immersed in samādhi.

If someone should say this,If someone should say this,‘Though I don’t have immersion, I’m going to frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest.’ You can expect that‘Though I don’t have immersion, I’m going to frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest.’ You can expect thatthey’ll sink down or float away.they’ll sink down or float away.

Suppose there was a large lake,Suppose there was a large lake,and along comes a bull elephant that’s three or three and a half meters tall.and along comes a bull elephant that’s three or three and a half meters tall.He’d think,He’d think,

‘Why don’t I plunge into this lake and play around while washing my ears and back?‘Why don’t I plunge into this lake and play around while washing my ears and back?When I’ve bathed and drunk, I’ll emerge from the water and go wherever I want.’When I’ve bathed and drunk, I’ll emerge from the water and go wherever I want.’And that’s just what he does.And that’s just what he does.

Why is that?Why is that?Because his large incarnation finds a footing in the depths.Because his large incarnation finds a footing in the depths.Then along comes a rabbit or a cat.Then along comes a rabbit or a cat.

They’d think,They’d think,‘What difference is there between me and a bull elephant?‘What difference is there between me and a bull elephant?Why don’t I plunge into this lake and play around while washing my ears and back?Why don’t I plunge into this lake and play around while washing my ears and back?

When I’ve bathed and drunk, I’ll emerge from the water and go wherever I want.’When I’ve bathed and drunk, I’ll emerge from the water and go wherever I want.’They jump into the lake rashly, without thinking.They jump into the lake rashly, without thinking.You can expect thatYou can expect that

they’ll sink down or float away.they’ll sink down or float away.Why is that?Why is that?Because their little incarnation finds no footing in the depths.Because their little incarnation finds no footing in the depths.

If someone should say this,If someone should say this,‘Though I don’t have immersion, I’m going to frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest.’ You can expect that‘Though I don’t have immersion, I’m going to frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest.’ You can expect thatthey’ll sink down or float away.they’ll sink down or float away.

Suppose there was a little baby boy playing in his own urine and feces.Suppose there was a little baby boy playing in his own urine and feces.What do you think, Upāli?What do you think, Upāli?Isn’t that a totally foolish game?”Isn’t that a totally foolish game?”

“Yes, sir.”“Yes, sir.”“After some time that boy grows up and his faculties mature.“After some time that boy grows up and his faculties mature.He accordingly plays childish games such as toy plows, tip-cat, somersaults, pinwheels, toy measures, toy carts, and toy bows.He accordingly plays childish games such as toy plows, tip-cat, somersaults, pinwheels, toy measures, toy carts, and toy bows.

What do you think, Upāli?What do you think, Upāli?Aren’t such games better than what he did before?”Aren’t such games better than what he did before?”“Yes, sir.”“Yes, sir.”

“After some time that boy grows up and his faculties mature further.“After some time that boy grows up and his faculties mature further.He accordingly amuses himself, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation.He accordingly amuses himself, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation.Sights known by the eye, which are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing.Sights known by the eye, which are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing.

Sounds known by the ear …Sounds known by the ear …Smells known by the nose …Smells known by the nose …Tastes known by the tongue …Tastes known by the tongue …

Touches known by the body, which are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing.Touches known by the body, which are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing.What do you think, Upāli?What do you think, Upāli?Aren’t such games better than what he did before?”Aren’t such games better than what he did before?”

“Yes, sir.”“Yes, sir.”“Now in this regard, Upāli, a Realized One arises in the world, perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.“Now in this regard, Upāli, a Realized One arises in the world, perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those fit for training, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.He has realized with his own insight this world—with its gods, Māras, and divinities, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—and he makes it known to others.He has realized with his own insight this world—with its gods, Māras, and divinities, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—and he makes it known to others.

He teaches Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And he reveals a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure.He teaches Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And he reveals a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure.A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in a good family.A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in a good family.They gain faith in the Realized OneThey gain faith in the Realized One

and reflect:and reflect:‘Life at home is cramped and dirty, life gone forth is wide open.‘Life at home is cramped and dirty, life gone forth is wide open.It’s not easy for someone living at home to lead the spiritual life utterly full and pure, like a polished shell.It’s not easy for someone living at home to lead the spiritual life utterly full and pure, like a polished shell.

Why don’t I shave off my hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness?’Why don’t I shave off my hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness?’After some time they give up a large or small fortune, and a large or small family circle. They shave off hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness.After some time they give up a large or small fortune, and a large or small family circle. They shave off hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness.Once they’ve gone forth, they take up the training and livelihood of the mendicants. They give up killing living creatures, renouncing the rod and the sword. They’re scrupulous and kind, living full of sympathy for all living beings.Once they’ve gone forth, they take up the training and livelihood of the mendicants. They give up killing living creatures, renouncing the rod and the sword. They’re scrupulous and kind, living full of sympathy for all living beings.

They give up stealing. They take only what’s given, and expect only what’s given. They keep themselves clean by not thieving.They give up stealing. They take only what’s given, and expect only what’s given. They keep themselves clean by not thieving.They give up unchastity. They are chaste, set apart, refraining from the vulgar act of sex.They give up unchastity. They are chaste, set apart, refraining from the vulgar act of sex.They give up lying. They speak the truth and stick to the truth. They’re honest and dependable, and don’t trick the world with their words.They give up lying. They speak the truth and stick to the truth. They’re honest and dependable, and don’t trick the world with their words.

They give up backbiting. They don’t repeat in one place what they heard in another so as to divide people against each other. Instead, they reconcile those who are divided and support those who are united, delighting in harmony, loving harmony, speaking words that promote harmony.They give up backbiting. They don’t repeat in one place what they heard in another so as to divide people against each other. Instead, they reconcile those who are divided and support those who are united, delighting in harmony, loving harmony, speaking words that promote harmony.They give up harsh speech. They speak in a way that’s mellow, pleasing to the ear, endearing, going to the heart, polite, and likable and agreeable to the people.They give up harsh speech. They speak in a way that’s mellow, pleasing to the ear, endearing, going to the heart, polite, and likable and agreeable to the people.

They give up talking nonsense. Their words are timely, true, and meaningful, in line with the teaching and training. They say things at the right time which are valuable, reasonable, succinct, and beneficial.They give up talking nonsense. Their words are timely, true, and meaningful, in line with the teaching and training. They say things at the right time which are valuable, reasonable, succinct, and beneficial.They refrain from injuring plants and seeds.They refrain from injuring plants and seeds.They eat in one part of the day, abstaining from eating at night and food at the wrong time.They eat in one part of the day, abstaining from eating at night and food at the wrong time.

They refrain from seeing shows of dancing, singing, and music.They refrain from seeing shows of dancing, singing, and music.They refrain from attiring and adorning themselves with garlands, fragrance, and makeup.They refrain from attiring and adorning themselves with garlands, fragrance, and makeup.They refrain from high and luxurious beds.They refrain from high and luxurious beds.

They refrain from receiving gold and currency,They refrain from receiving gold and currency,raw grains,raw grains,raw meat,raw meat,

women and girls,women and girls,male and female bondservants,male and female bondservants,goats and sheep,goats and sheep,

chickens and pigs,chickens and pigs,elephants, cows, horses, and mares,elephants, cows, horses, and mares,and fields and land.and fields and land.

They refrain from running errands and messages;They refrain from running errands and messages;buying and selling;buying and selling;falsifying weights, metals, or measures;falsifying weights, metals, or measures;

bribery, fraud, cheating, and duplicity;bribery, fraud, cheating, and duplicity;mutilation, murder, abduction, banditry, plunder, and violence.mutilation, murder, abduction, banditry, plunder, and violence.They’re content with robes to look after the body and almsfood to look after the belly.They’re content with robes to look after the body and almsfood to look after the belly.

Wherever they go, they set out taking only these things.Wherever they go, they set out taking only these things.They’re like a bird: wherever it flies, wings are its only burden.They’re like a bird: wherever it flies, wings are its only burden.In the same way, a mendicant is content with robes to look after the body and almsfood to look after the belly. Wherever they go, they set out taking only these things.In the same way, a mendicant is content with robes to look after the body and almsfood to look after the belly. Wherever they go, they set out taking only these things.

When they have this spectrum of noble ethics, they experience a blameless happiness inside themselves.When they have this spectrum of noble ethics, they experience a blameless happiness inside themselves.When they see a sight with their eyes, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.When they see a sight with their eyes, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving its restraint.If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving its restraint.

When they hear a sound with their ears …When they hear a sound with their ears …When they smell an odor with their nose …When they smell an odor with their nose …When they taste a flavor with their tongue …When they taste a flavor with their tongue …

When they feel a touch with their body …When they feel a touch with their body …When they know an idea with their mind, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.When they know an idea with their mind, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving its restraint.If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving its restraint.

When they have this noble sense restraint, they experience an unsullied bliss inside themselves.When they have this noble sense restraint, they experience an unsullied bliss inside themselves.They act with situational awareness when going out and coming back; when looking ahead and aside; when bending and extending the limbs; when bearing the outer robe, bowl and robes; when eating, drinking, chewing, and tasting; when urinating and defecating; when walking, standing, sitting, sleeping, waking, speaking, and keeping silent.They act with situational awareness when going out and coming back; when looking ahead and aside; when bending and extending the limbs; when bearing the outer robe, bowl and robes; when eating, drinking, chewing, and tasting; when urinating and defecating; when walking, standing, sitting, sleeping, waking, speaking, and keeping silent.

When they have this spectrum of noble ethics, this noble sense restraint, and this noble mindfulness and situational awareness,When they have this spectrum of noble ethics, this noble sense restraint, and this noble mindfulness and situational awareness,they frequent a secluded lodging—a wilderness, the root of a tree, a hill, a ravine, a mountain cave, a charnel ground, a forest, the open air, a heap of straw.they frequent a secluded lodging—a wilderness, the root of a tree, a hill, a ravine, a mountain cave, a charnel ground, a forest, the open air, a heap of straw.Gone to a wilderness, or to the root of a tree, or to an empty hut, they sit down cross-legged, set their body straight, and bring mindfulness to the present.Gone to a wilderness, or to the root of a tree, or to an empty hut, they sit down cross-legged, set their body straight, and bring mindfulness to the present.

Giving up covetousness for the world, they meditate with a heart rid of covetousness, cleansing the mind of covetousness.Giving up covetousness for the world, they meditate with a heart rid of covetousness, cleansing the mind of covetousness.Giving up ill will and malevolence, they meditate with a mind rid of ill will, full of sympathy for all living beings, cleansing the mind of ill will.Giving up ill will and malevolence, they meditate with a mind rid of ill will, full of sympathy for all living beings, cleansing the mind of ill will.Giving up dullness and drowsiness, they meditate with a mind rid of dullness and drowsiness, perceiving light, mindful and aware, cleansing the mind of dullness and drowsiness.Giving up dullness and drowsiness, they meditate with a mind rid of dullness and drowsiness, perceiving light, mindful and aware, cleansing the mind of dullness and drowsiness.

Giving up restlessness and remorse, they meditate without restlessness, their mind settled internally, cleansing the mind of restlessness and remorse.Giving up restlessness and remorse, they meditate without restlessness, their mind settled internally, cleansing the mind of restlessness and remorse.Giving up doubt, they meditate having gone beyond doubt, not undecided about skillful qualities, cleansing the mind of doubt.Giving up doubt, they meditate having gone beyond doubt, not undecided about skillful qualities, cleansing the mind of doubt.They give up these five hindrances, corruptions of the heart that weaken wisdom.They give up these five hindrances, corruptions of the heart that weaken wisdom.

Then, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, they enter and remain in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected.Then, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, they enter and remain in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected.What do you think, Upāli?What do you think, Upāli?Isn’t this state better than what they had before?”Isn’t this state better than what they had before?”

“Yes, sir.”“Yes, sir.”“When my disciples see this quality inside themselves they frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest. But so far they haven’t achieved their heart’s goal.“When my disciples see this quality inside themselves they frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest. But so far they haven’t achieved their heart’s goal.Furthermore, as the placing of the mind and keeping it connected are stilled, a mendicant enters and remains in the second absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of immersion, with internal clarity and mind at one, without placing the mind and keeping it connected.Furthermore, as the placing of the mind and keeping it connected are stilled, a mendicant enters and remains in the second absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of immersion, with internal clarity and mind at one, without placing the mind and keeping it connected.

What do you think, Upāli?What do you think, Upāli?Isn’t this state better than what they had before?”Isn’t this state better than what they had before?”“Yes, sir.”“Yes, sir.”