增支部第 10 集（Sujato 英译）第 88 阅读页 · AN10.86 · Overestimation

Numbered Discourses 10.86Numbered Discourses 10.869. Senior Mendicants9. Senior Mendicants

OverestimationOverestimationAt one time Venerable Mahākassapa was staying near Rājagaha in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrels’ feeding ground.At one time Venerable Mahākassapa was staying near Rājagaha in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrels’ feeding ground.There he addressed the mendicants:There he addressed the mendicants:

“Reverends, mendicants!”“Reverends, mendicants!”“Reverend,” they replied.“Reverend,” they replied.Venerable Mahākassapa said this:Venerable Mahākassapa said this:

“Take a mendicant who declares enlightenment:“Take a mendicant who declares enlightenment:‘I understand: “Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place.”’‘I understand: “Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place.”’They’re pursued, pressed, and grilled by the Realized One, or by one of his disciples who has the absorptions, and is skilled in attainments, in the minds of others, and in encompassing another’s mind.They’re pursued, pressed, and grilled by the Realized One, or by one of his disciples who has the absorptions, and is skilled in attainments, in the minds of others, and in encompassing another’s mind.

Grilled in this way they get stuck or lose their way. They fall to ruin and disaster.Grilled in this way they get stuck or lose their way. They fall to ruin and disaster.The Realized One or one of his disciples encompasses their mind and investigates:The Realized One or one of his disciples encompasses their mind and investigates:‘Why does this venerable declare enlightenment, saying,‘Why does this venerable declare enlightenment, saying,

“I understand: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place’”?’“I understand: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place’”?’They understand,They understand,‘This venerable overestimates themselves and takes that to be the truth. They perceive that they’ve attained what they haven’t attained, done what they haven’t done, and achieved what they haven’t achieved.‘This venerable overestimates themselves and takes that to be the truth. They perceive that they’ve attained what they haven’t attained, done what they haven’t done, and achieved what they haven’t achieved.

And they declare enlightenment out of overestimation:And they declare enlightenment out of overestimation:“I understand: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place.’”’“I understand: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place.’”’The Realized One or one of his disciples encompasses their mind and investigates:The Realized One or one of his disciples encompasses their mind and investigates:

‘Why does this venerable overestimate themselves and take that to be the truth? Why do they perceive that they’ve attained what they haven’t attained, done what they haven’t done, and achieved what they haven’t achieved?‘Why does this venerable overestimate themselves and take that to be the truth? Why do they perceive that they’ve attained what they haven’t attained, done what they haven’t done, and achieved what they haven’t achieved?And why do they declare enlightenment out of overestimation:And why do they declare enlightenment out of overestimation:“I understand: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place.’”’“I understand: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place.’”’

They understand,They understand,‘This venerable is very learned, remembering and keeping what they’ve learned. These teachings are good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased, describing a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. They are very learned in such teachings, remembering them, rehearsing them, mentally scrutinizing them, and penetrating them theoretically.‘This venerable is very learned, remembering and keeping what they’ve learned. These teachings are good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased, describing a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. They are very learned in such teachings, remembering them, rehearsing them, mentally scrutinizing them, and penetrating them theoretically.

Therefore this venerable overestimates themselves and takes that to be the truth. …’Therefore this venerable overestimates themselves and takes that to be the truth. …’They understand,They understand,‘This venerable is covetous,‘This venerable is covetous,

and often lives with a heart full of covetousness.and often lives with a heart full of covetousness.But being full of covetousness means decline in the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One.But being full of covetousness means decline in the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One.This venerable has ill will …This venerable has ill will …

dullness and drowsiness …dullness and drowsiness …restlessness …restlessness …doubt …doubt …

This venerable relishes work. They love it and like to relish it …This venerable relishes work. They love it and like to relish it …This venerable relishes talk …This venerable relishes talk …sleep …sleep …

company …company …When there is still more to be done, this venerable stopped half-way after achieving some trifling distinction.When there is still more to be done, this venerable stopped half-way after achieving some trifling distinction.But stopping half-way means decline in the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One.’But stopping half-way means decline in the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One.’

It is quite impossible for a mendicant to achieve growth, improvement, or maturity in this teaching and training without giving up these ten qualities.It is quite impossible for a mendicant to achieve growth, improvement, or maturity in this teaching and training without giving up these ten qualities.It is quite possible for a mendicant to achieve growth, improvement, or maturity in this teaching and training after giving up these ten qualities.”It is quite possible for a mendicant to achieve growth, improvement, or maturity in this teaching and training after giving up these ten qualities.”