经集（Sujato 英译）第 39 阅读页 · SNP3.6 · With Sabhiya · 1/2

Anthology of Discourses 3.6Anthology of Discourses 3.6With SabhiyaWith Sabhiya

So I have heard.So I have heard.At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrels’ feeding ground.At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrels’ feeding ground.Now at that time the wanderer Sabhiya had been presented with several questions by a deity who was a former blood relation, saying:Now at that time the wanderer Sabhiya had been presented with several questions by a deity who was a former blood relation, saying:

“Sabhiya, you should live the spiritual life with whatever ascetic or brahmin answers these questions.”“Sabhiya, you should live the spiritual life with whatever ascetic or brahmin answers these questions.”Then Sabhiya, after learning those questions in the presence of that deity, approached those ascetics and brahmins who led an order and a community, and taught a community, who were well-known and famous religious founders, deemed holy by many people. That is,Then Sabhiya, after learning those questions in the presence of that deity, approached those ascetics and brahmins who led an order and a community, and taught a community, who were well-known and famous religious founders, deemed holy by many people. That is,

Pūraṇa Kassapa, the bamboo-staffed ascetic Gosāla, Ajita of the hair blanket, Pakudha Kaccāyana, Sañjaya Belaṭṭhiputta, and the Jain ascetic of the Ñātika clan.Pūraṇa Kassapa, the bamboo-staffed ascetic Gosāla, Ajita of the hair blanket, Pakudha Kaccāyana, Sañjaya Belaṭṭhiputta, and the Jain ascetic of the Ñātika clan.And he asked them those questions,And he asked them those questions,but they were stumped by them.but they were stumped by them.

Displaying annoyance, hate, and bitterness,Displaying annoyance, hate, and bitterness,they questioned Sabhiya in return.they questioned Sabhiya in return.Then Sabhiya thought,Then Sabhiya thought,

“Those famous ascetics and brahmins“Those famous ascetics and brahminswere stumped by my questions.were stumped by my questions.Displaying annoyance, hate, and bitterness,Displaying annoyance, hate, and bitterness,

they questioned me in return on that matter.they questioned me in return on that matter.Why don’t I return to a lesser life so I can enjoy sensual pleasures?”Why don’t I return to a lesser life so I can enjoy sensual pleasures?”Then Sabhiya thought,Then Sabhiya thought,

“This ascetic Gotama also leads an order and a community, and tutors a community. He’s a well-known and famous religious founder, deemed holy by many people.“This ascetic Gotama also leads an order and a community, and tutors a community. He’s a well-known and famous religious founder, deemed holy by many people.Why don’t I ask him these questions?”Why don’t I ask him these questions?”Then he thought,Then he thought,

“Even those ascetics and brahmins who are elderly and senior, who are advanced in years and have reached the final stage of life; who are senior, long standing, long gone forth; who lead an order and a community, and tutor a community; who are well-known and famous religious founders, deemed holy by many people—that is“Even those ascetics and brahmins who are elderly and senior, who are advanced in years and have reached the final stage of life; who are senior, long standing, long gone forth; who lead an order and a community, and tutor a community; who are well-known and famous religious founders, deemed holy by many people—that isPūraṇa Kassapa and the rest—Pūraṇa Kassapa and the rest—were stumped by my questions.were stumped by my questions.

They displayed annoyance, hate, and bitterness, and even questioned me in return.They displayed annoyance, hate, and bitterness, and even questioned me in return.How can the ascetic Gotama possibly answer my questions,How can the ascetic Gotama possibly answer my questions,since he is so young in age and newly gone forth?”since he is so young in age and newly gone forth?”

Then he thought,Then he thought,“An ascetic should not be looked down upon or disparaged because they are young.“An ascetic should not be looked down upon or disparaged because they are young.Though young, the ascetic Gotama has great psychic power and might. Why don’t I ask him these questions?”Though young, the ascetic Gotama has great psychic power and might. Why don’t I ask him these questions?”

Then Sabhiya set out for Rājagaha.Then Sabhiya set out for Rājagaha.Traveling stage by stage, he came to Rājagaha, the Bamboo Grove, the squirrels’ feeding ground. He went up to the Buddha and exchanged greetings with him.Traveling stage by stage, he came to Rājagaha, the Bamboo Grove, the squirrels’ feeding ground. He went up to the Buddha and exchanged greetings with him.When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side,When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side,

and addressed the Buddha in verse:and addressed the Buddha in verse:“I’ve come full of doubts and uncertainties,”“I’ve come full of doubts and uncertainties,”said Sabhiya,said Sabhiya,

“wishing to ask some questions.“wishing to ask some questions.Please solve them for me.Please solve them for me.Answer my questions in turn, in accordance with the truth.”Answer my questions in turn, in accordance with the truth.”

“You have come from afar, Sabhiya,”“You have come from afar, Sabhiya,”said the Buddha,said the Buddha,“wishing to ask some questions.“wishing to ask some questions.

I shall solve them for you,I shall solve them for you,answering your questions in turn, in accordance with the truth.answering your questions in turn, in accordance with the truth.Ask me your question, Sabhiya,Ask me your question, Sabhiya,

whatever you want.whatever you want.I’ll solve each and everyI’ll solve each and everyquestion you have.”question you have.”

Then Sabhiya thought,Then Sabhiya thought,“Oh lord, how incredible, how amazing!“Oh lord, how incredible, how amazing!Where those other ascetics and brahmins didn’t even give me a chance, the Buddha has invited me.”Where those other ascetics and brahmins didn’t even give me a chance, the Buddha has invited me.”

Uplifted and elated, full of rapture and happiness, he asked this question.Uplifted and elated, full of rapture and happiness, he asked this question.“What must one attain to be called a mendicant?”“What must one attain to be called a mendicant?”said Sabhiya,said Sabhiya,

“How is one ‘gentle’, how said to be ‘tamed’?“How is one ‘gentle’, how said to be ‘tamed’?How is one declared to be ‘awakened’?How is one declared to be ‘awakened’?May the Buddha please answer my question.”May the Buddha please answer my question.”

“When by the path they have walked themselves,”“When by the path they have walked themselves,”said the Buddha to Sabhiya,said the Buddha to Sabhiya,“they reach extinguishment, with doubt overcome;“they reach extinguishment, with doubt overcome;

giving up desire for existence or nonexistence,giving up desire for existence or nonexistence,their journey complete, their rebirths ended: that is a mendicant.their journey complete, their rebirths ended: that is a mendicant.Equanimous toward everything, mindful,Equanimous toward everything, mindful,

they don’t harm anyone in the world.they don’t harm anyone in the world.An ascetic who has crossed over, unclouded,An ascetic who has crossed over, unclouded,who has no pretensions, is gentle.who has no pretensions, is gentle.

Their faculties have been developedTheir faculties have been developedinside and out in the whole world.inside and out in the whole world.Having pierced through this world and the next,Having pierced through this world and the next,

tamed, they await their time.tamed, they await their time.They have examined the eons in their entirety,They have examined the eons in their entirety,and both sides of transmigration—passing away and rebirth.and both sides of transmigration—passing away and rebirth.

Rid of dust, unblemished, purified:Rid of dust, unblemished, purified:the one they call ‘awakened’ has attained the end of rebirth.”the one they call ‘awakened’ has attained the end of rebirth.”And then, having approved and agreed with what the Buddha said, uplifted and elated, full of rapture and happiness, Sabhiya asked another question:And then, having approved and agreed with what the Buddha said, uplifted and elated, full of rapture and happiness, Sabhiya asked another question:

“What must one attain to be called ‘brahmin’?”“What must one attain to be called ‘brahmin’?”said Sabhiya.said Sabhiya.“Why is one an ‘ascetic’, and how a ‘bathed initiate’?“Why is one an ‘ascetic’, and how a ‘bathed initiate’?

How is one declared to be a ‘giant’?How is one declared to be a ‘giant’?May the Buddha please answer my question.”May the Buddha please answer my question.”“Having banished all bad things,”“Having banished all bad things,”

said the Buddha to Sabhiya,said the Buddha to Sabhiya,“immaculate, well-composed, steadfast,“immaculate, well-composed, steadfast,consummate, they’ve left transmigration behind:consummate, they’ve left transmigration behind:

unattached, one such is called ‘brahmin’.unattached, one such is called ‘brahmin’.An assuaged one who has given up good and evil,An assuaged one who has given up good and evil,stainless, understanding this world and the next,stainless, understanding this world and the next,

gone beyond rebirth and death:gone beyond rebirth and death:one such is rightly called ‘ascetic’.one such is rightly called ‘ascetic’.Having washed off all bad thingsHaving washed off all bad things

inside and out in the whole world,inside and out in the whole world,among gods and humans bound to creations,among gods and humans bound to creations,the one they call ‘washed’ does not return to creation.the one they call ‘washed’ does not return to creation.

They do nothing monstrous at all in the world,They do nothing monstrous at all in the world,discarding all yokes and bonds,discarding all yokes and bonds,everywhere not stuck, freed:everywhere not stuck, freed:

one such is rightly called ‘giant’.”one such is rightly called ‘giant’.”And then Sabhiya asked another question:And then Sabhiya asked another question:“Who is a ‘field-victor’ according to the Buddhas?”“Who is a ‘field-victor’ according to the Buddhas?”

said Sabhiya,said Sabhiya,“Why is one ‘skillful’, and how ‘an astute scholar’?“Why is one ‘skillful’, and how ‘an astute scholar’?How is one declared to be a ‘sage’?How is one declared to be a ‘sage’?

May the Buddha please answer my question.”May the Buddha please answer my question.”“They are victors on the fields of deeds in their entirety,”“They are victors on the fields of deeds in their entirety,”said the Buddha to Sabhiya,said the Buddha to Sabhiya,

“the fields of gods, humans, and divinities;“the fields of gods, humans, and divinities;released from the root bondage to all fields:released from the root bondage to all fields:one such is rightly called ‘field-victor’.one such is rightly called ‘field-victor’.

They have examined the coffers in their entirety,They have examined the coffers in their entirety,the coffers of gods, humans, and divinities;the coffers of gods, humans, and divinities;released from the root bondage to all coffers:released from the root bondage to all coffers:

one such is rightly called ‘skillful’.one such is rightly called ‘skillful’.They have examined whitenessThey have examined whitenessboth inside and out; understanding purity,both inside and out; understanding purity,

they have left dark and bright behind:they have left dark and bright behind:one such is rightly called ‘an astute scholar’.one such is rightly called ‘an astute scholar’.Understanding the nature of the bad and the goodUnderstanding the nature of the bad and the good

inside and out in the whole world;inside and out in the whole world;one worthy of honor by gods and humans,one worthy of honor by gods and humans,