经集（Sujato 英译）第 30 阅读页 · SNP2.14 · With Dhammika · 1/2

Anthology of Discourses 2.14Anthology of Discourses 2.14With DhammikaWith Dhammika

So I have heard.So I have heard.At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.Then the lay follower Dhammika, together with five hundred lay followers, went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and addressed him in verse:Then the lay follower Dhammika, together with five hundred lay followers, went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and addressed him in verse:

“I ask you, Gotama, whose wisdom is vast:“I ask you, Gotama, whose wisdom is vast:what does one do to become a good disciple,what does one do to become a good disciple,both one who has left the home,both one who has left the home,

and the lay followers staying at home?and the lay followers staying at home?For you understand the course and destinyFor you understand the course and destinyof the world with all its gods.of the world with all its gods.

There is no equal to you who sees the subtle meaning,There is no equal to you who sees the subtle meaning,for you are the Buddha most excellent, they say.for you are the Buddha most excellent, they say.Having experienced all knowledge,Having experienced all knowledge,

you reveal the teaching out of sympathy for beings.you reveal the teaching out of sympathy for beings.All-seer, you have cast off the veil,All-seer, you have cast off the veil,and immaculate, you dazzle the whole world.and immaculate, you dazzle the whole world.

The dragon king Erāvaṇa, hearing you called ‘Victor’,The dragon king Erāvaṇa, hearing you called ‘Victor’,came into your presence.came into your presence.He consulted with you then, having heard your words,He consulted with you then, having heard your words,

left consoled, saying ‘Excellent!’left consoled, saying ‘Excellent!’And King Kuvera Vessavaṇa alsoAnd King Kuvera Vessavaṇa alsoapproached to ask about the teaching.approached to ask about the teaching.

You also answered him, O attentive one,You also answered him, O attentive one,and hearing you he too was consoled.and hearing you he too was consoled.Those monastics of other religions given to debate,Those monastics of other religions given to debate,

whether Ājīvakas or Jains,whether Ājīvakas or Jains,all fail to overtake you in wisdom,all fail to overtake you in wisdom,like a standing man next to a sprinter.like a standing man next to a sprinter.

Those brahmins given to debate,Those brahmins given to debate,some of whom are quite senior,some of whom are quite senior,all end up beholden to you for the meaning,all end up beholden to you for the meaning,

and others too who think themselves debaters.and others too who think themselves debaters.So subtle and pleasant is the teachingSo subtle and pleasant is the teachingthat is well proclaimed by you, Blessed One.that is well proclaimed by you, Blessed One.

It’s all we long to hear. So when asked,It’s all we long to hear. So when asked,O Best of Buddhas, tell us!O Best of Buddhas, tell us!All these mendicants have gathered,All these mendicants have gathered,

and the layfolk too are here to listen.and the layfolk too are here to listen.Let them hear the teaching the immaculate one discovered,Let them hear the teaching the immaculate one discovered,like gods listening to the fine words of Vāsava.”like gods listening to the fine words of Vāsava.”

“Listen to me, mendicants, I will educate you“Listen to me, mendicants, I will educate youin the cleansing teaching; all bear it in mind.in the cleansing teaching; all bear it in mind.A thoughtful person, seeing the meaning,A thoughtful person, seeing the meaning,

would adopt the deportment proper to a renunciate.would adopt the deportment proper to a renunciate.No way would a mendicant go out at the wrong time;No way would a mendicant go out at the wrong time;at the right time, they’d walk the village for alms.at the right time, they’d walk the village for alms.

For chains bind one who wanders at the wrong time,For chains bind one who wanders at the wrong time,which is why the Buddhas avoid it.which is why the Buddhas avoid it.Sights, sounds, tastes, smells, and touches,Sights, sounds, tastes, smells, and touches,

which drive beings mad—which drive beings mad—dispel desire for such things,dispel desire for such things,and enter for the morning meal at the right time.and enter for the morning meal at the right time.

After receiving alms for the day,After receiving alms for the day,on returning a mendicant would sit in private alone.on returning a mendicant would sit in private alone.Inwardly reflective, they’d curb their mindInwardly reflective, they’d curb their mind

from outside things, keeping themselves collected.from outside things, keeping themselves collected.Should they converse with a disciple,Should they converse with a disciple,with anyone else, or with a mendicant,with anyone else, or with a mendicant,

they’d bring up only the sublime teaching,they’d bring up only the sublime teaching,not dividing or blaming.not dividing or blaming.For some contend in debate,For some contend in debate,

but we praise not those of little wisdom.but we praise not those of little wisdom.In place after place they are bound in chains,In place after place they are bound in chains,for they send their mind over there far away.for they send their mind over there far away.

Alms, a dwelling, a bed and seat,Alms, a dwelling, a bed and seat,and water for rinsing the dust from the cloak—and water for rinsing the dust from the cloak—after hearing the teaching of the Holy One,after hearing the teaching of the Holy One,

a disciple of outstanding wisdom would use these after appraisal.a disciple of outstanding wisdom would use these after appraisal.That’s why, when it comes to alms and lodgings,That’s why, when it comes to alms and lodgings,and water for rinsing the dust from the cloak,and water for rinsing the dust from the cloak,

a mendicant is unsullied in the midst of these things,a mendicant is unsullied in the midst of these things,like a droplet on a lotus-leaf.like a droplet on a lotus-leaf.Now I shall tell you the householder’s duty,Now I shall tell you the householder’s duty,

doing which one becomes a good disciple.doing which one becomes a good disciple.For one burdened with possessions does not get to realizeFor one burdened with possessions does not get to realizethe whole of the mendicant’s practice.the whole of the mendicant’s practice.

They’d not kill any creature, nor have them killed,They’d not kill any creature, nor have them killed,nor grant permission for others to kill.nor grant permission for others to kill.They’ve laid aside violence toward all creaturesThey’ve laid aside violence toward all creatures

frail or firm that there are in the world.frail or firm that there are in the world.Next, a disciple would avoid knowinglyNext, a disciple would avoid knowinglytaking anything not given at all,taking anything not given at all,

they’d not get others to do it, nor grant them permission to steal;they’d not get others to do it, nor grant them permission to steal;they’d avoid all theft.they’d avoid all theft.A sensible person would avoid the unchaste life,A sensible person would avoid the unchaste life,

like a burning pit of coals.like a burning pit of coals.But if unable to remain chaste,But if unable to remain chaste,they’d not transgress with another’s partner.they’d not transgress with another’s partner.

In a council or assembly,In a council or assembly,or one on one, they would not lie.or one on one, they would not lie.They’d not get others to lie, nor grant them permission to lie;They’d not get others to lie, nor grant them permission to lie;

they’d avoid all untruths.they’d avoid all untruths.A householder espousing this teachingA householder espousing this teachingwould not consume liquor or drink.would not consume liquor or drink.

They’d not get others to drink, nor grant them permission to drink;They’d not get others to drink, nor grant them permission to drink;knowing that ends in intoxication.knowing that ends in intoxication.For drunken fools do bad things,For drunken fools do bad things,

and encourage other heedless folk.and encourage other heedless folk.Shun this field of demerit,Shun this field of demerit,the maddening, deluding frolic of fools.the maddening, deluding frolic of fools.

You shouldn’t kill living creatures, or steal,You shouldn’t kill living creatures, or steal,or lie, or drink liquor.or lie, or drink liquor.Be chaste, refraining from sex,Be chaste, refraining from sex,

and don’t eat at night, the wrong time.and don’t eat at night, the wrong time.Not wearing garlands or applying fragrance,Not wearing garlands or applying fragrance,you should sleep on a low bed, or a mat on the ground.you should sleep on a low bed, or a mat on the ground.

This is the eight-factored sabbath, they say,This is the eight-factored sabbath, they say,revealed by the Buddha, who has gone to suffering’s end.revealed by the Buddha, who has gone to suffering’s end.Then having rightly undertaken the sabbathThen having rightly undertaken the sabbath

complete in all its eight factorscomplete in all its eight factorson the fourteenth, fifteenth, and eighth of the fortnight,on the fourteenth, fifteenth, and eighth of the fortnight,as well as on the fortnightly special displays,as well as on the fortnightly special displays,

at daybreak after the sabbathat daybreak after the sabbatha clever person, rejoicing with confident heart,a clever person, rejoicing with confident heart,would distribute food and drinkwould distribute food and drink

to the mendicant Saṅgha as is fitting.to the mendicant Saṅgha as is fitting.One should rightfully support one’s parents,One should rightfully support one’s parents,and undertake a legitimate business.and undertake a legitimate business.

A diligent layperson observing these dutiesA diligent layperson observing these duties