中部第 77 经（Sujato 英译）第 1 阅读页 · The Longer Discourse with Sakuludāyī · 1/3

Middle Discourses 77Middle Discourses 77The Longer Discourse with SakuludāyīThe Longer Discourse with Sakuludāyī

So I have heard.So I have heard.At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrels’ feeding ground.At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrels’ feeding ground.Now at that time several very well-known wanderers were residing in their monastery in the peacocks’ feeding ground.Now at that time several very well-known wanderers were residing in their monastery in the peacocks’ feeding ground.

They included Annabhāra, Varadhara, Sakuludāyī, and other very well-known wanderers.They included Annabhāra, Varadhara, Sakuludāyī, and other very well-known wanderers.Then the Buddha robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, entered Rājagaha for alms.Then the Buddha robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, entered Rājagaha for alms.Then it occurred to him,Then it occurred to him,

“It’s too early to wander for alms in Rājagaha.“It’s too early to wander for alms in Rājagaha.Why don’t I visit the wanderer Sakuludāyī at the monastery for the wanderers in the peacocks’ feeding ground?”Why don’t I visit the wanderer Sakuludāyī at the monastery for the wanderers in the peacocks’ feeding ground?”So the Buddha went to the monastery for the wanderers.So the Buddha went to the monastery for the wanderers.

Now at that time, Sakuludāyī was sitting together with a large assembly of wanderers making an uproar, a colossal racket. They engaged in all kinds of low talk, such asNow at that time, Sakuludāyī was sitting together with a large assembly of wanderers making an uproar, a colossal racket. They engaged in all kinds of low talk, such astalk about kings, bandits, and chief ministers; talk about armies, threats, and wars; talk about food, drink, clothes, and beds; talk about garlands and fragrances; talk about family, vehicles, villages, towns, cities, and countries; talk about women and heroes; talk at the street market and the place for water pots; talk about the departed; motley talk; tales of land and sea; and talk about being reborn in this or that place.talk about kings, bandits, and chief ministers; talk about armies, threats, and wars; talk about food, drink, clothes, and beds; talk about garlands and fragrances; talk about family, vehicles, villages, towns, cities, and countries; talk about women and heroes; talk at the street market and the place for water pots; talk about the departed; motley talk; tales of land and sea; and talk about being reborn in this or that place.

Sakuludāyī saw the Buddha coming off in the distance,Sakuludāyī saw the Buddha coming off in the distance,and hushed his own assembly,and hushed his own assembly,“Be quiet, good fellows, don’t make a sound.“Be quiet, good fellows, don’t make a sound.

Here comes the ascetic Gotama.Here comes the ascetic Gotama.The venerable likes quiet and praises quiet.The venerable likes quiet and praises quiet.Hopefully if he sees that our assembly is quiet he’ll see fit to approach.”Hopefully if he sees that our assembly is quiet he’ll see fit to approach.”

Then those wanderers fell silent.Then those wanderers fell silent.Then the Buddha approached Sakuludāyī,Then the Buddha approached Sakuludāyī,who said to him,who said to him,

“Let the Blessed One come, sir!“Let the Blessed One come, sir!Welcome to the Blessed One, sir!Welcome to the Blessed One, sir!It’s been a long time since you took the opportunity to come here.It’s been a long time since you took the opportunity to come here.

Please, sir, sit down, this seat is ready.”Please, sir, sit down, this seat is ready.”The Buddha sat down on the seat spread out,The Buddha sat down on the seat spread out,while Sakuludāyī took a low seat and sat to one side.while Sakuludāyī took a low seat and sat to one side.

The Buddha said to him,The Buddha said to him,“Udāyī, what were you sitting talking about just now? What conversation was left unfinished?”“Udāyī, what were you sitting talking about just now? What conversation was left unfinished?”“Sir, leave aside what we were sitting talking about just now.“Sir, leave aside what we were sitting talking about just now.

It won’t be hard for you to hear about that later.It won’t be hard for you to hear about that later.Sir, a few days ago several ascetics and brahmins who follow various other religions were sitting together at the debating hall, and this discussion came up among them:Sir, a few days ago several ascetics and brahmins who follow various other religions were sitting together at the debating hall, and this discussion came up among them:‘The people of Aṅga and Magadha are so fortunate, so very fortunate!‘The people of Aṅga and Magadha are so fortunate, so very fortunate!

For there are these ascetics and brahmins who lead an order and a community, and tutor a community. They’re well-known and famous religious founders, deemed holy by many people. And they have come down for the rainy season residence at Rājagaha.For there are these ascetics and brahmins who lead an order and a community, and tutor a community. They’re well-known and famous religious founders, deemed holy by many people. And they have come down for the rainy season residence at Rājagaha.They include Pūraṇa Kassapa,They include Pūraṇa Kassapa,the bamboo-staffed ascetic Gosāla,the bamboo-staffed ascetic Gosāla,

Ajita of the hair blanket,Ajita of the hair blanket,Pakudha Kaccāyana,Pakudha Kaccāyana,Sañjaya Belaṭṭhiputta,Sañjaya Belaṭṭhiputta,

and the Jain ascetic of the Ñātika clan.and the Jain ascetic of the Ñātika clan.This ascetic Gotama also leads an order and a community, and tutors a community. He’s a well-known and famous religious founder, deemed holy by many people.This ascetic Gotama also leads an order and a community, and tutors a community. He’s a well-known and famous religious founder, deemed holy by many people.And he too has come down for the rains residence at Rājagaha.And he too has come down for the rains residence at Rājagaha.

Which of these ascetics and brahmins is honored, respected, revered, and venerated by their disciples? And how do their disciples, honoring and respecting them, remain loyal?’Which of these ascetics and brahmins is honored, respected, revered, and venerated by their disciples? And how do their disciples, honoring and respecting them, remain loyal?’Some of them said:Some of them said:‘This Pūraṇa Kassapa leads an order and a community, and tutors a community. He’s a well-known and famous religious founder, deemed holy by many people.‘This Pūraṇa Kassapa leads an order and a community, and tutors a community. He’s a well-known and famous religious founder, deemed holy by many people.

But he’s not honored, respected, revered, and venerated by his disciples. And his disciples, not honoring and respecting him, don’t remain loyal to him.But he’s not honored, respected, revered, and venerated by his disciples. And his disciples, not honoring and respecting him, don’t remain loyal to him.Once it so happened that he was teaching an assembly of many hundreds.Once it so happened that he was teaching an assembly of many hundreds.Then one of his disciples made a noise,Then one of his disciples made a noise,

“My good fellows, don’t ask Pūraṇa Kassapa about that.“My good fellows, don’t ask Pūraṇa Kassapa about that.He doesn’t know that.He doesn’t know that.I know it. Ask me about it,I know it. Ask me about it,

and I’ll answer you.”and I’ll answer you.”Once it so happened that Pūraṇa Kassapa didn’t get his way, though he called out with raised arms,Once it so happened that Pūraṇa Kassapa didn’t get his way, though he called out with raised arms,“Be quiet, good fellows, don’t make a sound.“Be quiet, good fellows, don’t make a sound.

They’re not asking you, they’re asking me!They’re not asking you, they’re asking me!I’ll answer you!”I’ll answer you!”Indeed, many of his disciples have left him after refuting his doctrine:Indeed, many of his disciples have left him after refuting his doctrine:

“You don’t understand this teaching and training. I understand this teaching and training. What, you understand this teaching and training? You’re practicing wrong. I’m practicing right. I stay on topic, you don’t. You said last what you should have said first. You said first what you should have said last. What you’ve thought so much about has been disproved. Your doctrine is refuted. Go on, save your doctrine! You’re trapped; get yourself out of this—if you can!”“You don’t understand this teaching and training. I understand this teaching and training. What, you understand this teaching and training? You’re practicing wrong. I’m practicing right. I stay on topic, you don’t. You said last what you should have said first. You said first what you should have said last. What you’ve thought so much about has been disproved. Your doctrine is refuted. Go on, save your doctrine! You’re trapped; get yourself out of this—if you can!”

That’s how Pūraṇa Kassapa is not honored, respected, revered, venerated, and esteemed by his disciples. On the contrary, his disciples, not honoring and respecting him, don’t remain loyal to him.That’s how Pūraṇa Kassapa is not honored, respected, revered, venerated, and esteemed by his disciples. On the contrary, his disciples, not honoring and respecting him, don’t remain loyal to him.Rather, he’s reviled, and rightly so.’Rather, he’s reviled, and rightly so.’Others said:Others said:

‘This bamboo-staffed ascetic Gosāla …‘This bamboo-staffed ascetic Gosāla …Ajita of the hair blanket …Ajita of the hair blanket …Pakudha Kaccāyana …Pakudha Kaccāyana …

Sañjaya Belaṭṭhiputta …Sañjaya Belaṭṭhiputta …This Jain ascetic of the Ñātika clan leads an order and a community, and tutors a community. He’s a well-known and famous religious founder, deemed holy by many people.This Jain ascetic of the Ñātika clan leads an order and a community, and tutors a community. He’s a well-known and famous religious founder, deemed holy by many people.But he’s not honored, respected, revered, and venerated by his disciples. And his disciples, not honoring and respecting him, don’t remain loyal to him.But he’s not honored, respected, revered, and venerated by his disciples. And his disciples, not honoring and respecting him, don’t remain loyal to him.

Once it so happened that he was teaching an assembly of many hundreds.Once it so happened that he was teaching an assembly of many hundreds.Then one of his disciples made a noise,Then one of his disciples made a noise,“My good fellows, don’t ask the Jain Ñātika about that.“My good fellows, don’t ask the Jain Ñātika about that.

He doesn’t know that.He doesn’t know that.I know it. Ask me about it,I know it. Ask me about it,and I’ll answer you.”and I’ll answer you.”

Once it so happened that the Jain Ñātika didn’t get his way, though he called out with raised arms,Once it so happened that the Jain Ñātika didn’t get his way, though he called out with raised arms,“Be quiet, good fellows, don’t make a sound.“Be quiet, good fellows, don’t make a sound.They’re not asking you, they’re asking me!They’re not asking you, they’re asking me!

I’ll answer you!”I’ll answer you!”Indeed, many of his disciples have left him after refuting his doctrine:Indeed, many of his disciples have left him after refuting his doctrine:“You don’t understand this teaching and training. I understand this teaching and training. What, you understand this teaching and training? You’re practicing wrong. I’m practicing right. I stay on topic, you don’t. You said last what you should have said first. You said first what you should have said last. What you’ve thought so much about has been disproved. Your doctrine is refuted. Go on, save your doctrine! You’re trapped; get yourself out of this—if you can!”“You don’t understand this teaching and training. I understand this teaching and training. What, you understand this teaching and training? You’re practicing wrong. I’m practicing right. I stay on topic, you don’t. You said last what you should have said first. You said first what you should have said last. What you’ve thought so much about has been disproved. Your doctrine is refuted. Go on, save your doctrine! You’re trapped; get yourself out of this—if you can!”

That’s how the Jain Ñātika is not honored, respected, revered, and venerated by his disciples. On the contrary, his disciples, not honoring and respecting him, don’t remain loyal to him.That’s how the Jain Ñātika is not honored, respected, revered, and venerated by his disciples. On the contrary, his disciples, not honoring and respecting him, don’t remain loyal to him.Rather, he’s reviled, and rightly so.’Rather, he’s reviled, and rightly so.’Others said:Others said:

‘This ascetic Gotama leads an order and a community, and tutors a community. He’s a well-known and famous religious founder, deemed holy by many people.‘This ascetic Gotama leads an order and a community, and tutors a community. He’s a well-known and famous religious founder, deemed holy by many people.He’s honored, respected, revered, and venerated by his disciples. And his disciples, honoring and respecting him, remain loyal to him.He’s honored, respected, revered, and venerated by his disciples. And his disciples, honoring and respecting him, remain loyal to him.Once it so happened that he was teaching an assembly of many hundreds.Once it so happened that he was teaching an assembly of many hundreds.

Then one of his disciples cleared their throat.Then one of his disciples cleared their throat.And one of their spiritual companions nudged them with their knee, to indicate,And one of their spiritual companions nudged them with their knee, to indicate,“Hush, venerable, don’t make sound! Our teacher, the Blessed One, is teaching!”“Hush, venerable, don’t make sound! Our teacher, the Blessed One, is teaching!”

While the ascetic Gotama is teaching an assembly of many hundreds, there is no sound of his disciples coughing or clearing their throats.While the ascetic Gotama is teaching an assembly of many hundreds, there is no sound of his disciples coughing or clearing their throats.That large crowd is poised expectantly at the ready, thinking,That large crowd is poised expectantly at the ready, thinking,“Whatever the Buddha teaches, we shall listen to it.”“Whatever the Buddha teaches, we shall listen to it.”

It’s like when there’s a person at the crossroads pressing out pure dwarf-bee honey,It’s like when there’s a person at the crossroads pressing out pure dwarf-bee honey,and a large crowd is poised expectantly at the ready.and a large crowd is poised expectantly at the ready.In the same way, while the ascetic Gotama is teaching an assembly of many hundreds, there is no sound of his disciples coughing or clearing their throats.In the same way, while the ascetic Gotama is teaching an assembly of many hundreds, there is no sound of his disciples coughing or clearing their throats.

That large crowd is poised expectantly at the ready, thinking,That large crowd is poised expectantly at the ready, thinking,“Whatever the Buddha teaches, we shall listen to it.”“Whatever the Buddha teaches, we shall listen to it.”Even when disciples of the ascetic Gotama, having clashed with their spiritual companions, resign the training and return to a lesser life, they speak only praise of the Teacher, the teaching, and the Saṅgha. They blame only themselves, not others: “We were unlucky, we had little merit. For even after going forth in such a well explained teaching and training we weren’t able to practice for life the perfectly full and pure spiritual life.”Even when disciples of the ascetic Gotama, having clashed with their spiritual companions, resign the training and return to a lesser life, they speak only praise of the Teacher, the teaching, and the Saṅgha. They blame only themselves, not others: “We were unlucky, we had little merit. For even after going forth in such a well explained teaching and training we weren’t able to practice for life the perfectly full and pure spiritual life.”

They become monastery workers or lay followers, and they proceed having undertaken the five precepts.They become monastery workers or lay followers, and they proceed having undertaken the five precepts.That’s how the ascetic Gotama is honored, respected, revered, and venerated by his disciples. And that’s how his disciples, honoring and respecting him, remain loyal to him.’”That’s how the ascetic Gotama is honored, respected, revered, and venerated by his disciples. And that’s how his disciples, honoring and respecting him, remain loyal to him.’”“But Udāyī, how many qualities do you see in me, because of which my disciples honor, respect, revere, and venerate me; and honoring and respecting me, they remain loyal to me?”“But Udāyī, how many qualities do you see in me, because of which my disciples honor, respect, revere, and venerate me; and honoring and respecting me, they remain loyal to me?”

“Sir, I see five such qualities in the Buddha.“Sir, I see five such qualities in the Buddha.What five?What five?The Buddha eats little and praises eating little.The Buddha eats little and praises eating little.

This is the first such quality I see in the Buddha.This is the first such quality I see in the Buddha.Furthermore, the Buddha is content with any kind of robe, and praises such contentment.Furthermore, the Buddha is content with any kind of robe, and praises such contentment.This is the second such quality I see in the Buddha.This is the second such quality I see in the Buddha.

Furthermore, the Buddha is content with any kind of almsfood, and praises such contentment.Furthermore, the Buddha is content with any kind of almsfood, and praises such contentment.This is the third such quality I see in the Buddha.This is the third such quality I see in the Buddha.Furthermore, the Buddha is content with any kind of lodging, and praises such contentment.Furthermore, the Buddha is content with any kind of lodging, and praises such contentment.

This is the fourth such quality I see in the Buddha.This is the fourth such quality I see in the Buddha.Furthermore, the Buddha is secluded, and praises seclusion.Furthermore, the Buddha is secluded, and praises seclusion.This is the fifth such quality I see in the Buddha.This is the fifth such quality I see in the Buddha.

These are the five qualities I see in the Buddha, because of which his disciples honor, respect, revere, and venerate him; and honoring and respecting him, they remain loyal to him.”These are the five qualities I see in the Buddha, because of which his disciples honor, respect, revere, and venerate him; and honoring and respecting him, they remain loyal to him.”“Suppose, Udāyī, my disciples were loyal to me because I eat little. Well, there are disciples of mine who eat a tumbler of food, or half a tumbler; they eat a wood-apple, or half a wood-apple.“Suppose, Udāyī, my disciples were loyal to me because I eat little. Well, there are disciples of mine who eat a tumbler of food, or half a tumbler; they eat a wood-apple, or half a wood-apple.

But sometimes I even eat this bowl full to the brim, or even more.But sometimes I even eat this bowl full to the brim, or even more.So if it were the case that my disciples are loyal to me because I eat little, then those disciples who eat even less would not be loyal to me.So if it were the case that my disciples are loyal to me because I eat little, then those disciples who eat even less would not be loyal to me.Suppose my disciples were loyal to me because I’m content with any kind of robe. Well, there are disciples of mine who have rag robes, wearing shabby robes. They gather scraps from charnel grounds, rubbish dumps, and shops, make them into a patchwork robe and wear it.Suppose my disciples were loyal to me because I’m content with any kind of robe. Well, there are disciples of mine who have rag robes, wearing shabby robes. They gather scraps from charnel grounds, rubbish dumps, and shops, make them into a patchwork robe and wear it.

But sometimes I wear robes offered by householders that are strong, yet next to which bottle-gourd down is coarse.But sometimes I wear robes offered by householders that are strong, yet next to which bottle-gourd down is coarse.So if it were the case that my disciples are loyal to me because I’m content with any kind of robe, then those disciples who wear rag robes would not be loyal to me.So if it were the case that my disciples are loyal to me because I’m content with any kind of robe, then those disciples who wear rag robes would not be loyal to me.