长部第 14 经（Sujato 英译）第 5 阅读页 · The Great Discourse on Traces Left Behind · 5/6

It’s also hard for them to see this topic; that is, the stilling of all activities, the letting go of all attachments, the ending of craving, fading away, cessation, extinguishment.It’s also hard for them to see this topic; that is, the stilling of all activities, the letting go of all attachments, the ending of craving, fading away, cessation, extinguishment.And if I were to teach this principle, others might not understand me, which would be wearying and troublesome for me.’And if I were to teach this principle, others might not understand me, which would be wearying and troublesome for me.’And then these verses, which were neither supernaturally inspired, nor learned before in the past, occurred to him:And then these verses, which were neither supernaturally inspired, nor learned before in the past, occurred to him:

‘I’ve struggled hard to realize this,‘I’ve struggled hard to realize this,there’s no need to reveal it now!there’s no need to reveal it now!Those mired in greed and hateThose mired in greed and hate

can’t really understand this teaching.can’t really understand this teaching.It goes against the stream, subtle,It goes against the stream, subtle,deep, obscure, and very fine.deep, obscure, and very fine.

Those besotted by greed cannot see,Those besotted by greed cannot see,for they’re cloaked in a mass of darkness.’for they’re cloaked in a mass of darkness.’So, as the Buddha Vipassī reflected like this, his mind inclined to remaining passive, not to teaching the Dhamma.So, as the Buddha Vipassī reflected like this, his mind inclined to remaining passive, not to teaching the Dhamma.

Then, knowing the Buddha Vipassī’s train of thought, it occurred to a certain Great Divinity,Then, knowing the Buddha Vipassī’s train of thought, it occurred to a certain Great Divinity,‘Oh lord! The world will be lost, the world will perish! For the mind of the Blessed One Vipassī, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha, inclines to remaining passive, not to teaching the Dhamma.’‘Oh lord! The world will be lost, the world will perish! For the mind of the Blessed One Vipassī, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha, inclines to remaining passive, not to teaching the Dhamma.’Then, as easily as a strong person would extend or contract their arm, he vanished from the realm of divinity and reappeared in front of the Buddha Vipassī.Then, as easily as a strong person would extend or contract their arm, he vanished from the realm of divinity and reappeared in front of the Buddha Vipassī.

He arranged his robe over one shoulder, knelt on his right knee, raised his cupped palms toward the Buddha Vipassī, and said,He arranged his robe over one shoulder, knelt on his right knee, raised his cupped palms toward the Buddha Vipassī, and said,‘Sir, let the Blessed One teach the Dhamma! Let the Holy One teach the Dhamma!‘Sir, let the Blessed One teach the Dhamma! Let the Holy One teach the Dhamma!There are beings with little dust in their eyes. They’re in decline because they haven’t heard the teaching.There are beings with little dust in their eyes. They’re in decline because they haven’t heard the teaching.

There will be those who understand the teaching!’There will be those who understand the teaching!’When he said this, the Buddha Vipassī said to him,When he said this, the Buddha Vipassī said to him,‘I too thought this, Divinity,‘I too thought this, Divinity,

“Why don’t I teach the Dhamma?”“Why don’t I teach the Dhamma?”Then it occurred to me,Then it occurred to me,“If I were to teach this principle, others might not understand me, which would be wearying and troublesome for me.”“If I were to teach this principle, others might not understand me, which would be wearying and troublesome for me.”

So, as I reflected like this, my mind inclined to remaining passive, not to teaching the Dhamma.’So, as I reflected like this, my mind inclined to remaining passive, not to teaching the Dhamma.’For a second time …For a second time …For a third time that Great Divinity begged the Buddha to teach.For a third time that Great Divinity begged the Buddha to teach.

Then, understanding the Divinity’s invitation, the Buddha Vipassī surveyed the world with the eye of a Buddha, out of his compassion for sentient beings.Then, understanding the Divinity’s invitation, the Buddha Vipassī surveyed the world with the eye of a Buddha, out of his compassion for sentient beings.And he saw sentient beings with little dust in their eyes, and some with much dust in their eyes; with keen faculties and with weak faculties, with good qualities and with bad qualities, easy to teach and hard to teach. And some of them lived seeing the danger in the fault to do with the next world, while others did not.And he saw sentient beings with little dust in their eyes, and some with much dust in their eyes; with keen faculties and with weak faculties, with good qualities and with bad qualities, easy to teach and hard to teach. And some of them lived seeing the danger in the fault to do with the next world, while others did not.

It’s like a pool with blue water lilies, or pink or white lotuses. Some of them sprout and grow in the water without rising above it, thriving underwater. Some of them sprout and grow in the water reaching the water’s surface. And some of them sprout and grow in the water but rise up above the water and stand with no water clinging to them.It’s like a pool with blue water lilies, or pink or white lotuses. Some of them sprout and grow in the water without rising above it, thriving underwater. Some of them sprout and grow in the water reaching the water’s surface. And some of them sprout and grow in the water but rise up above the water and stand with no water clinging to them.In the same way, the Buddha Vipassī saw sentient beings with little dust in their eyes, and some with much dust in their eyes.In the same way, the Buddha Vipassī saw sentient beings with little dust in their eyes, and some with much dust in their eyes.

Then that Great Divinity, knowing the Buddha Vipassī’s train of thought, addressed him in verse:Then that Great Divinity, knowing the Buddha Vipassī’s train of thought, addressed him in verse:‘Standing high on a rocky mountain,‘Standing high on a rocky mountain,you can see the people all around.you can see the people all around.

In just the same way, All-seer, so intelligent,In just the same way, All-seer, so intelligent,having ascended the Temple of Truth,having ascended the Temple of Truth,rid of sorrow, look upon the peoplerid of sorrow, look upon the people

swamped with sorrow, overcome by rebirth and old age.swamped with sorrow, overcome by rebirth and old age.Rise, hero! Victor in battle, caravan leader,Rise, hero! Victor in battle, caravan leader,wander the world free of debt.wander the world free of debt.

Let the Blessed One teach the Dhamma!Let the Blessed One teach the Dhamma!There will be those who understand!’There will be those who understand!’Then the Buddha Vipassī addressed that Great Divinity in verse:Then the Buddha Vipassī addressed that Great Divinity in verse:

‘Flung open are the doors to freedom from death!‘Flung open are the doors to freedom from death!Let those with ears to hear commit to faith.Let those with ears to hear commit to faith.Thinking it would be troublesome, Divinity, I did not teachThinking it would be troublesome, Divinity, I did not teach

the sophisticated, sublime Dhamma among mankind.’the sophisticated, sublime Dhamma among mankind.’Then the Great Divinity, knowing that his request for the Buddha Vipassī to teach the Dhamma had been granted, bowed and respectfully circled him, keeping him on his right, before vanishing right there.Then the Great Divinity, knowing that his request for the Buddha Vipassī to teach the Dhamma had been granted, bowed and respectfully circled him, keeping him on his right, before vanishing right there.

13. The Chief Disciples13. The Chief Disciples

Then it occurred to the Blessed One Vipassī, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha,Then it occurred to the Blessed One Vipassī, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha,‘Who should I teach first of all?‘Who should I teach first of all?Who will quickly understand this teaching?’Who will quickly understand this teaching?’

Then he thought,Then he thought,‘That Khaṇḍa, the king’s son, and Tissa, the high priest’s son, are astute, competent, intelligent, and have long had little dust in their eyes.‘That Khaṇḍa, the king’s son, and Tissa, the high priest’s son, are astute, competent, intelligent, and have long had little dust in their eyes.Why don’t I teach them first of all? They will quickly understand this teaching.’Why don’t I teach them first of all? They will quickly understand this teaching.’

Then, as easily as a strong person would extend or contract their arm, he vanished from the tree of awakening and reappeared near the capital city of Bandhumatī, in the deer park named Sanctuary.Then, as easily as a strong person would extend or contract their arm, he vanished from the tree of awakening and reappeared near the capital city of Bandhumatī, in the deer park named Sanctuary.Then the Buddha Vipassī addressed the park keeper,Then the Buddha Vipassī addressed the park keeper,‘My dear park keeper, please enter the city and say this to the king’s son Khaṇḍa and the high priest’s son Tissa:‘My dear park keeper, please enter the city and say this to the king’s son Khaṇḍa and the high priest’s son Tissa:

“Sirs, the Blessed One Vipassī, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha, has arrived at Bandhumatī and is staying in the deer park named Sanctuary. He wishes to see you.”’“Sirs, the Blessed One Vipassī, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha, has arrived at Bandhumatī and is staying in the deer park named Sanctuary. He wishes to see you.”’‘Yes, sir,’ replied the park keeper, and did as he was asked.‘Yes, sir,’ replied the park keeper, and did as he was asked.Then the king’s son Khaṇḍa and the high priest’s son Tissa had the finest carriages harnessed. Then they mounted a fine carriage and, along with other fine carriages, set out from Bandhumatī for the Sanctuary.Then the king’s son Khaṇḍa and the high priest’s son Tissa had the finest carriages harnessed. Then they mounted a fine carriage and, along with other fine carriages, set out from Bandhumatī for the Sanctuary.

They went by carriage as far as the terrain allowed, then descended and approached the Buddha Vipassī on foot. They bowed and sat down to one side.They went by carriage as far as the terrain allowed, then descended and approached the Buddha Vipassī on foot. They bowed and sat down to one side.The Buddha Vipassī taught them step by step, withThe Buddha Vipassī taught them step by step, witha talk on giving, ethical conduct, and heaven. He revealed the drawbacks of sensual pleasures, so sordid and corrupt, and the benefit of renunciation.a talk on giving, ethical conduct, and heaven. He revealed the drawbacks of sensual pleasures, so sordid and corrupt, and the benefit of renunciation.

And when he knew that their minds were ready, pliable, rid of hindrances, elated, and confident he revealed the special teaching of the Buddhas:And when he knew that their minds were ready, pliable, rid of hindrances, elated, and confident he revealed the special teaching of the Buddhas:suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the path.suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the path.Just as a clean cloth rid of stains would properly absorb dye,Just as a clean cloth rid of stains would properly absorb dye,

in that very seat the stainless, immaculate vision of the Dhamma arose in the king’s son Khaṇḍa and the high priest’s son Tissa:in that very seat the stainless, immaculate vision of the Dhamma arose in the king’s son Khaṇḍa and the high priest’s son Tissa:‘Everything that is liable to arise is liable to cease.’‘Everything that is liable to arise is liable to cease.’They saw, attained, understood, and fathomed the Dhamma. They went beyond doubt, got rid of indecision, and became self-assured and independent of others regarding the Teacher’s instructions. They said to the Buddha Vipassī,They saw, attained, understood, and fathomed the Dhamma. They went beyond doubt, got rid of indecision, and became self-assured and independent of others regarding the Teacher’s instructions. They said to the Buddha Vipassī,

‘Excellent, sir! Excellent!‘Excellent, sir! Excellent!As if he were righting the overturned, or revealing the hidden, or pointing out the path to the lost, or lighting a lamp in the dark so people with clear eyes can see what’s there, the Buddha has made the teaching clear in many ways.As if he were righting the overturned, or revealing the hidden, or pointing out the path to the lost, or lighting a lamp in the dark so people with clear eyes can see what’s there, the Buddha has made the teaching clear in many ways.We go for refuge to the Blessed One and to the teaching.We go for refuge to the Blessed One and to the teaching.

Sir, may we receive the going forth and ordination in the Buddha’s presence?’Sir, may we receive the going forth and ordination in the Buddha’s presence?’And they received the going forth, the ordination in the Buddha Vipassī’s presence.And they received the going forth, the ordination in the Buddha Vipassī’s presence.Then the Buddha Vipassī educated, encouraged, fired up, and inspired them with a Dhamma talk.Then the Buddha Vipassī educated, encouraged, fired up, and inspired them with a Dhamma talk.

He revealed the drawbacks of conditioned phenomena, so sordid and corrupt, and the benefit of extinguishment.He revealed the drawbacks of conditioned phenomena, so sordid and corrupt, and the benefit of extinguishment.Being taught like this their minds were soon freed from defilements by not grasping.Being taught like this their minds were soon freed from defilements by not grasping.

14. The Going Forth of the Large Crowd14. The Going Forth of the Large Crowd

A large crowd of 84,000 people in the capital of Bandhumatī heardA large crowd of 84,000 people in the capital of Bandhumatī heardthat the Blessed One Vipassī, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha, had arrived at Bandhumatī and was staying in the deer park named Sanctuary.that the Blessed One Vipassī, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha, had arrived at Bandhumatī and was staying in the deer park named Sanctuary.And they heard that the king’s son Khaṇḍa and the high priest’s son Tissa had shaved off their hair and beard, dressed in ocher robes, and gone forth from the lay life to homelessness in the Buddha’s presence.And they heard that the king’s son Khaṇḍa and the high priest’s son Tissa had shaved off their hair and beard, dressed in ocher robes, and gone forth from the lay life to homelessness in the Buddha’s presence.

It occurred to them,It occurred to them,‘This must be no ordinary teaching and training, no ordinary going forth in which the king’s son Khaṇḍa and the high priest’s son Tissa have gone forth.‘This must be no ordinary teaching and training, no ordinary going forth in which the king’s son Khaṇḍa and the high priest’s son Tissa have gone forth.If even they go forth, why don’t we do the same?’If even they go forth, why don’t we do the same?’

Then those 84,000 people left Bandhumatī for the deer park named Sanctuary, where they approached the Buddha Vipassī, bowed and sat down to one side.Then those 84,000 people left Bandhumatī for the deer park named Sanctuary, where they approached the Buddha Vipassī, bowed and sat down to one side.The Buddha Vipassī taught them step by step, withThe Buddha Vipassī taught them step by step, witha talk on giving, ethical conduct, and heaven. He revealed the drawbacks of sensual pleasures, so sordid and corrupt, and the benefit of renunciation.a talk on giving, ethical conduct, and heaven. He revealed the drawbacks of sensual pleasures, so sordid and corrupt, and the benefit of renunciation.

And when he knew that their minds were ready, pliable, rid of hindrances, elated, and confident he revealed the special teaching of the Buddhas:And when he knew that their minds were ready, pliable, rid of hindrances, elated, and confident he revealed the special teaching of the Buddhas:suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the path.suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the path.Just as a clean cloth rid of stains would properly absorb dye,Just as a clean cloth rid of stains would properly absorb dye,

in that very seat the stainless, immaculate vision of the Dhamma arose in those 84,000 people:in that very seat the stainless, immaculate vision of the Dhamma arose in those 84,000 people:‘Everything that is liable to arise is liable to cease.’‘Everything that is liable to arise is liable to cease.’They saw, attained, understood, and fathomed the Dhamma. They went beyond doubt, got rid of indecision, and became self-assured and independent of others regarding the Teacher’s instructions. They said to the Buddha Vipassī,They saw, attained, understood, and fathomed the Dhamma. They went beyond doubt, got rid of indecision, and became self-assured and independent of others regarding the Teacher’s instructions. They said to the Buddha Vipassī,

‘Excellent, sir! Excellent!’‘Excellent, sir! Excellent!’And just like Khaṇḍa and Tissa they asked for and received ordination. Then the Buddha taught them further.And just like Khaṇḍa and Tissa they asked for and received ordination. Then the Buddha taught them further.Being taught like this their minds were soon freed from defilements by not grasping.Being taught like this their minds were soon freed from defilements by not grasping.

15. The 84,000 Who Had Gone Forth Previously15. The 84,000 Who Had Gone Forth Previously

The 84,000 people who had gone forth previously also heard:The 84,000 people who had gone forth previously also heard:‘It seems the Blessed One Vipassī, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha, has arrived at Bandhumatī and is staying in the deer park named Sanctuary. And he is teaching the Dhamma!’‘It seems the Blessed One Vipassī, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha, has arrived at Bandhumatī and is staying in the deer park named Sanctuary. And he is teaching the Dhamma!’Then they too went to the Buddha Vipassī, realized the Dhamma, went forth, and became freed from defilements.Then they too went to the Buddha Vipassī, realized the Dhamma, went forth, and became freed from defilements.

16. The Allowance to Wander16. The Allowance to Wander

Now at that time a large Saṅgha of 6,800,000 mendicants were residing at Bandhumatī.Now at that time a large Saṅgha of 6,800,000 mendicants were residing at Bandhumatī.As the Buddha Vipassī was in private retreat this thought came to his mind,As the Buddha Vipassī was in private retreat this thought came to his mind,‘The Saṅgha residing at Bandhumatī now is large. What if I was to urge them:‘The Saṅgha residing at Bandhumatī now is large. What if I was to urge them:

“Wander forth, mendicants, for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans.“Wander forth, mendicants, for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans.Let not two go by one road.Let not two go by one road.Teach the Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And reveal a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure.Teach the Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And reveal a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure.

There are beings with little dust in their eyes. They’re in decline because they haven’t heard the teaching.There are beings with little dust in their eyes. They’re in decline because they haven’t heard the teaching.There will be those who understand the teaching!There will be those who understand the teaching!But when six years have passed, you must all come to Bandhumatī to recite the monastic code.”’But when six years have passed, you must all come to Bandhumatī to recite the monastic code.”’

Then a certain Great Divinity, knowing the Buddha Vipassī’s train of thought, as easily as a strong person would extend or contract their arm, vanished from the realm of divinity and reappeared in front of the Buddha Vipassī.Then a certain Great Divinity, knowing the Buddha Vipassī’s train of thought, as easily as a strong person would extend or contract their arm, vanished from the realm of divinity and reappeared in front of the Buddha Vipassī.He arranged his robe over one shoulder, raised his cupped palms toward the Buddha Vipassī, and said,He arranged his robe over one shoulder, raised his cupped palms toward the Buddha Vipassī, and said,‘That’s so true, Blessed One! That’s so true, Holy One!‘That’s so true, Blessed One! That’s so true, Holy One!

The Saṅgha residing at Bandhumatī now is large. Please urge them to wander, as you thought.The Saṅgha residing at Bandhumatī now is large. Please urge them to wander, as you thought.And sir, I’ll make sure that when six years have passed the mendicants will return to Bandhumatī to recite the monastic code.’And sir, I’ll make sure that when six years have passed the mendicants will return to Bandhumatī to recite the monastic code.’That is what that Great Divinity said.That is what that Great Divinity said.

Then he bowed and respectfully circled the Buddha Vipassī, keeping him on his right, before vanishing right there.Then he bowed and respectfully circled the Buddha Vipassī, keeping him on his right, before vanishing right there.Then in the late afternoon, the Buddha Vipassī came out of retreat and addressed the mendicants, telling them all that had happened. Then he said,Then in the late afternoon, the Buddha Vipassī came out of retreat and addressed the mendicants, telling them all that had happened. Then he said,‘Wander forth, mendicants, for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans.‘Wander forth, mendicants, for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans.