长部第 14 经（Sujato 英译）第 2 阅读页 · The Great Discourse on Traces Left Behind · 2/6

“Ninety-one eons ago, the Buddha Vipassī arose in the world, perfected and fully awakened.“Ninety-one eons ago, the Buddha Vipassī arose in the world, perfected and fully awakened.He was born as an aristocrat into an aristocrat family.He was born as an aristocrat into an aristocrat family.His clan was Koṇḍañña.His clan was Koṇḍañña.

He lived for 80,000 years.He lived for 80,000 years.He was awakened at the root of a patala tree.He was awakened at the root of a patala tree.He had a fine pair of chief disciples named Khaṇḍa and Tissa.He had a fine pair of chief disciples named Khaṇḍa and Tissa.

He had three gatherings of disciples—He had three gatherings of disciples—one of 6,800,000, one of 100,000, and one of 80,000—one of 6,800,000, one of 100,000, and one of 80,000—all of them mendicants who had ended their defilements.all of them mendicants who had ended their defilements.

He had as chief attendant a mendicant named Asoka.He had as chief attendant a mendicant named Asoka.His father was King Bandhumā,His father was King Bandhumā,his birth mother was Queen Bandhumatī,his birth mother was Queen Bandhumatī,

and their capital city was named Bandhumatī.and their capital city was named Bandhumatī.

2. What’s Normal For One Intent on Awakening2. What’s Normal For One Intent on Awakening

When Vipassī, the being intent on awakening, passed away from the host of joyful gods, he was conceived in his mother’s womb, mindful and aware.When Vipassī, the being intent on awakening, passed away from the host of joyful gods, he was conceived in his mother’s womb, mindful and aware.This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening passes away from the host of joyful gods, he is conceived in his mother’s womb.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening passes away from the host of joyful gods, he is conceived in his mother’s womb.

And then—in this world with its gods, Māras, and divinities, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—an immeasurable, magnificent light appears, surpassing the glory of the gods.And then—in this world with its gods, Māras, and divinities, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—an immeasurable, magnificent light appears, surpassing the glory of the gods.Even in the boundless gloom of interstellar space—so utterly dark that even the luminosity of the moon and the sun, so mighty and powerful, makes no impression—an immeasurable, magnificent light appears, surpassing the glory of the gods.Even in the boundless gloom of interstellar space—so utterly dark that even the luminosity of the moon and the sun, so mighty and powerful, makes no impression—an immeasurable, magnificent light appears, surpassing the glory of the gods.

And the sentient beings reborn there recognize each other by that light: ‘So, it seems other sentient beings have been reborn here!’And the sentient beings reborn there recognize each other by that light: ‘So, it seems other sentient beings have been reborn here!’And this ten-thousandfold galaxy shakes and rocks and trembles. And an immeasurable, magnificent light appears in the world, surpassing the glory of the gods.And this ten-thousandfold galaxy shakes and rocks and trembles. And an immeasurable, magnificent light appears in the world, surpassing the glory of the gods.This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.

It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening is conceived in his mother’s womb, four godlings approach to guard the four quarters, so that no human or non-human or anyone at all shall harm the being intent on awakening or his mother.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening is conceived in his mother’s womb, four godlings approach to guard the four quarters, so that no human or non-human or anyone at all shall harm the being intent on awakening or his mother.This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening is conceived in his mother’s womb, she becomes naturally ethical. She refrains from killing living creatures, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying, and beer, wine, and liquor intoxicants.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening is conceived in his mother’s womb, she becomes naturally ethical. She refrains from killing living creatures, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying, and beer, wine, and liquor intoxicants.

This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening is conceived in his mother’s womb, she no longer thinks of men in a sexual way, and she cannot be violated by a man of lustful intent.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening is conceived in his mother’s womb, she no longer thinks of men in a sexual way, and she cannot be violated by a man of lustful intent.This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.

It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening is conceived in his mother’s womb, she obtains the five kinds of sensual stimulation and amuses herself, supplied and provided with them.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening is conceived in his mother’s womb, she obtains the five kinds of sensual stimulation and amuses herself, supplied and provided with them.This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening is conceived in his mother’s womb, no afflictions beset her. She’s happy and free of bodily fatigue. And she sees the being intent on awakening in her womb, whole in his major and minor limbs, not deficient in any faculty.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening is conceived in his mother’s womb, no afflictions beset her. She’s happy and free of bodily fatigue. And she sees the being intent on awakening in her womb, whole in his major and minor limbs, not deficient in any faculty.

Suppose there was a beryl gem that was naturally lustrous, eight-faceted, well-worked, transparent, clear, and unclouded, endowed with all good qualities. And it was strung with a thread of blue, yellow, red, white, or golden brown.Suppose there was a beryl gem that was naturally lustrous, eight-faceted, well-worked, transparent, clear, and unclouded, endowed with all good qualities. And it was strung with a thread of blue, yellow, red, white, or golden brown.And a person with clear eyes were to take it in their hand and examine it: ‘This beryl gem is naturally lustrous, eight-faceted, well-worked, transparent, clear, and unclouded, endowed with all good qualities. And it’s strung with a thread of blue, yellow, red, white, or golden brown.’And a person with clear eyes were to take it in their hand and examine it: ‘This beryl gem is naturally lustrous, eight-faceted, well-worked, transparent, clear, and unclouded, endowed with all good qualities. And it’s strung with a thread of blue, yellow, red, white, or golden brown.’

In the same way, when the being intent on awakening is conceived in his mother’s womb, no afflictions beset her. She’s happy and free of bodily fatigue. And she sees the being intent on awakening in her womb, whole in his major and minor limbs, not deficient in any faculty.In the same way, when the being intent on awakening is conceived in his mother’s womb, no afflictions beset her. She’s happy and free of bodily fatigue. And she sees the being intent on awakening in her womb, whole in his major and minor limbs, not deficient in any faculty.This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.It’s normal that, seven days after the being intent on awakening is born, his mother passes away and is reborn in the host of joyful gods.It’s normal that, seven days after the being intent on awakening is born, his mother passes away and is reborn in the host of joyful gods.

This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.It’s normal that, while other women carry the infant in the womb for nine or ten months before giving birth, not so the mother of the being intent on awakening. She gives birth after exactly ten months.It’s normal that, while other women carry the infant in the womb for nine or ten months before giving birth, not so the mother of the being intent on awakening. She gives birth after exactly ten months.This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.

It’s normal that, while other women give birth while sitting or lying down, not so the mother of the being intent on awakening. She only gives birth standing up.It’s normal that, while other women give birth while sitting or lying down, not so the mother of the being intent on awakening. She only gives birth standing up.This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening emerges from his mother’s womb, gods receive him first, then humans.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening emerges from his mother’s womb, gods receive him first, then humans.

This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening emerges from his mother’s womb, before he reaches the ground, four godlings receive him and place him before his mother, saying: ‘Rejoice, O Queen! An illustrious son is born to you.’It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening emerges from his mother’s womb, before he reaches the ground, four godlings receive him and place him before his mother, saying: ‘Rejoice, O Queen! An illustrious son is born to you.’This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.

It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening emerges from his mother’s womb, he emerges already clean, unsoiled by waters, mucus, blood, or any other kind of impurity, pure and clean.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening emerges from his mother’s womb, he emerges already clean, unsoiled by waters, mucus, blood, or any other kind of impurity, pure and clean.Suppose a jewel-treasure was placed on a cloth from Kāsi. The jewel would not soil the cloth, nor would the cloth soil the jewel.Suppose a jewel-treasure was placed on a cloth from Kāsi. The jewel would not soil the cloth, nor would the cloth soil the jewel.Why is that?Why is that?

Because of the cleanliness of them both.Because of the cleanliness of them both.In the same way, when the being intent on awakening emerges from his mother’s womb, he emerges already clean, unsoiled by waters, mucus, blood, or any other kind of impurity, pure and clean.In the same way, when the being intent on awakening emerges from his mother’s womb, he emerges already clean, unsoiled by waters, mucus, blood, or any other kind of impurity, pure and clean.This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.

It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening emerges from his mother’s womb, two showers of water appear from the sky, one cool, one warm, for bathing the being intent on awakening and his mother.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening emerges from his mother’s womb, two showers of water appear from the sky, one cool, one warm, for bathing the being intent on awakening and his mother.This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.It’s normal that, as soon as he’s born, the being intent on awakening stands firm with his own feet on the ground. Facing north, he takes seven strides with a white parasol held above him, surveys all quarters, and makes this dramatic proclamation: ‘I am the foremost in the world! I am the eldest in the world! I am the first in the world! This is my last rebirth; now there’ll be no more future lives.’It’s normal that, as soon as he’s born, the being intent on awakening stands firm with his own feet on the ground. Facing north, he takes seven strides with a white parasol held above him, surveys all quarters, and makes this dramatic proclamation: ‘I am the foremost in the world! I am the eldest in the world! I am the first in the world! This is my last rebirth; now there’ll be no more future lives.’

This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening emerges from his mother’s womb, then—in this world with its gods, Māras, and divinities, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—an immeasurable, magnificent light appears, surpassing the glory of the gods.It’s normal that, when the being intent on awakening emerges from his mother’s womb, then—in this world with its gods, Māras, and divinities, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—an immeasurable, magnificent light appears, surpassing the glory of the gods.Even in the boundless gloom of interstellar space—so utterly dark that even the luminosity of the moon and the sun, so mighty and powerful, makes no impression—an immeasurable, magnificent light appears, surpassing the glory of the gods.Even in the boundless gloom of interstellar space—so utterly dark that even the luminosity of the moon and the sun, so mighty and powerful, makes no impression—an immeasurable, magnificent light appears, surpassing the glory of the gods.

And the sentient beings reborn there recognize each other by that light: ‘So, it seems other sentient beings have been reborn here!’And the sentient beings reborn there recognize each other by that light: ‘So, it seems other sentient beings have been reborn here!’And this ten-thousandfold galaxy shakes and rocks and trembles. And an immeasurable, magnificent light appears in the world, surpassing the glory of the gods.And this ten-thousandfold galaxy shakes and rocks and trembles. And an immeasurable, magnificent light appears in the world, surpassing the glory of the gods.This is normal in such a case.This is normal in such a case.

3. The Thirty-Two Marks of a Great Man3. The Thirty-Two Marks of a Great Man

When Prince Vipassī was born, they announced it to King Bandhumā,When Prince Vipassī was born, they announced it to King Bandhumā,‘Your Majesty, your son is born! Let Your Majesty examine him!’‘Your Majesty, your son is born! Let Your Majesty examine him!’When the king had examined the prince, he had the brahmin soothsayers summoned and said to them,When the king had examined the prince, he had the brahmin soothsayers summoned and said to them,

‘Gentlemen, please examine the prince.’‘Gentlemen, please examine the prince.’When they had examined him they said to the king,When they had examined him they said to the king,‘Rejoice, O King! An illustrious son is born to you. You are fortunate, so very fortunate, to have a son such as this born in this family!‘Rejoice, O King! An illustrious son is born to you. You are fortunate, so very fortunate, to have a son such as this born in this family!

For the prince possesses the thirty-two marks of a great man. A great man who possesses these has only two possible destinies, no other.For the prince possesses the thirty-two marks of a great man. A great man who possesses these has only two possible destinies, no other.If he stays at home he becomes a king, a wheel-turning monarch, a just and principled king. His dominion extends to all four sides, he achieves stability in the country, and he possesses the seven treasures.If he stays at home he becomes a king, a wheel-turning monarch, a just and principled king. His dominion extends to all four sides, he achieves stability in the country, and he possesses the seven treasures.He has the following seven treasures:He has the following seven treasures:

the wheel, the elephant, the horse, the jewel, the woman, the householder, and the commander as the seventh treasure.the wheel, the elephant, the horse, the jewel, the woman, the householder, and the commander as the seventh treasure.He has over a thousand sons who are valiant and heroic, crushing the armies of his enemies.He has over a thousand sons who are valiant and heroic, crushing the armies of his enemies.After conquering this land girt by sea, he reigns by principle, without rod or sword.After conquering this land girt by sea, he reigns by principle, without rod or sword.

But if he goes forth from the lay life to homelessness, he becomes a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha, who has cast off the veil from the world.But if he goes forth from the lay life to homelessness, he becomes a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha, who has cast off the veil from the world.And what are the marks which he possesses?And what are the marks which he possesses?He has well-planted feet.He has well-planted feet.

On the soles of his feet there are thousand-spoked wheels, with rims and hubs, complete in every detail.On the soles of his feet there are thousand-spoked wheels, with rims and hubs, complete in every detail.He has stretched heels.He has stretched heels.He has long fingers.He has long fingers.

His hands and feet are soft and tender.His hands and feet are soft and tender.He has serried hands and feet.He has serried hands and feet.The tops of his feet are arched.The tops of his feet are arched.

His calves are like those of an antelope.His calves are like those of an antelope.When standing upright and not bending over, the palms of both hands touch the knees.When standing upright and not bending over, the palms of both hands touch the knees.His private parts are sheathed in a foreskin.His private parts are sheathed in a foreskin.

He is golden colored; his skin shines like lustrous gold.He is golden colored; his skin shines like lustrous gold.He has delicate skin, so delicate that dust and dirt don’t stick to his body.He has delicate skin, so delicate that dust and dirt don’t stick to his body.His hairs grow one per pore.His hairs grow one per pore.

His hairs stand up; they’re blue-black and curl clockwise.His hairs stand up; they’re blue-black and curl clockwise.His body is tall and straight-limbed.His body is tall and straight-limbed.He has bulging muscles in seven places.He has bulging muscles in seven places.

His chest is like that of a lion.His chest is like that of a lion.He is filled out between the shoulders.He is filled out between the shoulders.He has the proportional circumference of a banyan tree: the span of his arms equals the height of his body.He has the proportional circumference of a banyan tree: the span of his arms equals the height of his body.

His torso is cylindrical.His torso is cylindrical.He has ridged taste buds.He has ridged taste buds.His jaw is like that of a lion.His jaw is like that of a lion.

He has forty teeth.He has forty teeth.His teeth are even.His teeth are even.His teeth have no gaps.His teeth have no gaps.

His teeth are perfectly white.His teeth are perfectly white.He has a large tongue.He has a large tongue.He has the voice of the Divinity, like a cuckoo’s call.He has the voice of the Divinity, like a cuckoo’s call.

His eyes are indigo.His eyes are indigo.He has eyelashes like a cow’s.He has eyelashes like a cow’s.Between his eyebrows there grows a tuft, soft and white like cotton-wool.Between his eyebrows there grows a tuft, soft and white like cotton-wool.

The crown of his head is like a turban.The crown of his head is like a turban.These are the thirty-two marks of a great man that the prince has. A great man who possesses these has only two possible destinies, no other.These are the thirty-two marks of a great man that the prince has. A great man who possesses these has only two possible destinies, no other.If he stays at home he becomes a king, a wheel-turning monarch.If he stays at home he becomes a king, a wheel-turning monarch.

But if he goes forth from the lay life to homelessness, he becomes a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha, who has cast off the veil from the world.’But if he goes forth from the lay life to homelessness, he becomes a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha, who has cast off the veil from the world.’

4. How He Came to be Known as Vipassī4. How He Came to be Known as Vipassī

Then King Bandhumā had the brahmin soothsayers dressed in unworn clothes and satisfied all their needs.Then King Bandhumā had the brahmin soothsayers dressed in unworn clothes and satisfied all their needs.Then the king appointed nursemaids for Prince Vipassī.Then the king appointed nursemaids for Prince Vipassī.Some suckled him, some bathed him, some held him, and some carried him on their hip.Some suckled him, some bathed him, some held him, and some carried him on their hip.

From when he was born, a white parasol was held over him night and day, with the thought,From when he was born, a white parasol was held over him night and day, with the thought,‘Don’t let cold, heat, grass, dust, or damp bother him.’‘Don’t let cold, heat, grass, dust, or damp bother him.’He was dear and beloved by many people,He was dear and beloved by many people,

like a blue water lily, or a pink or white lotus.like a blue water lily, or a pink or white lotus.He was always passed from hip to hip.He was always passed from hip to hip.From when he was born, his voice was charming, graceful, sweet, and endearing.From when he was born, his voice was charming, graceful, sweet, and endearing.