中部第 62 经（Sujato 英译）第 1 阅读页 · The Longer Advice to Rāhula · 1/2

Middle Discourses 62Middle Discourses 62The Longer Advice to RāhulaThe Longer Advice to Rāhula

So I have heard.So I have heard.At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.Then the Buddha robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, entered Sāvatthī for alms.Then the Buddha robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, entered Sāvatthī for alms.

And Venerable Rāhula also robed up and followed behind the Buddha.And Venerable Rāhula also robed up and followed behind the Buddha.Then the Buddha looked back at Rāhula and said,Then the Buddha looked back at Rāhula and said,“Rāhula, you should truly see any kind of form at all—past, future, or present; internal or external; solid or subtle; inferior or superior; far or near: all form—with right understanding: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’”“Rāhula, you should truly see any kind of form at all—past, future, or present; internal or external; solid or subtle; inferior or superior; far or near: all form—with right understanding: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’”

“Only form, Blessed One? Only form, Holy One?”“Only form, Blessed One? Only form, Holy One?”“Form, Rāhula, as well as feeling and perception and choices and consciousness.”“Form, Rāhula, as well as feeling and perception and choices and consciousness.”Then Rāhula thought, “Who would go to the village for alms today after being advised directly by the Buddha?” Turning back, he sat down cross-legged at the root of a certain tree, setting his body straight, and bringing mindfulness to the present.Then Rāhula thought, “Who would go to the village for alms today after being advised directly by the Buddha?” Turning back, he sat down cross-legged at the root of a certain tree, setting his body straight, and bringing mindfulness to the present.

Venerable Sāriputta saw him sitting there,Venerable Sāriputta saw him sitting there,and addressed him,and addressed him,“Rāhula, develop mindfulness of breathing.“Rāhula, develop mindfulness of breathing.

When mindfulness of breathing is developed and cultivated it’s very fruitful and beneficial.”When mindfulness of breathing is developed and cultivated it’s very fruitful and beneficial.”Then in the late afternoon, Rāhula came out of retreat, went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him:Then in the late afternoon, Rāhula came out of retreat, went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him:“Sir, how is mindfulness of breathing developed and cultivated to be very fruitful and beneficial?”“Sir, how is mindfulness of breathing developed and cultivated to be very fruitful and beneficial?”

“Rāhula, the interior earth element is anything internal, personal, that’s hard, solid, and appropriated. This includes:“Rāhula, the interior earth element is anything internal, personal, that’s hard, solid, and appropriated. This includes:head hair, body hair, nails, teeth, skin, flesh, sinews, bones, bone marrow, kidneys, heart, liver, diaphragm, spleen, lungs, intestines, mesentery, undigested food, feces; or anything else internal, personal, that’s hard, solid, and appropriated.head hair, body hair, nails, teeth, skin, flesh, sinews, bones, bone marrow, kidneys, heart, liver, diaphragm, spleen, lungs, intestines, mesentery, undigested food, feces; or anything else internal, personal, that’s hard, solid, and appropriated.

This is called the interior earth element.This is called the interior earth element.The interior earth element and the exterior earth element are just the earth element.The interior earth element and the exterior earth element are just the earth element.This should be truly seen with right understanding like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’This should be truly seen with right understanding like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’

When you truly see with right understanding, you grow disillusioned with the earth element, detaching the mind from the earth element.When you truly see with right understanding, you grow disillusioned with the earth element, detaching the mind from the earth element.And what is the water element?And what is the water element?The water element may be interior or exterior.The water element may be interior or exterior.

And what is the interior water element?And what is the interior water element?Anything internal, personal, that’s water, watery, and appropriated. This includes:Anything internal, personal, that’s water, watery, and appropriated. This includes:bile, phlegm, pus, blood, sweat, fat, tears, grease, saliva, snot, synovial fluid, urine; or anything else internal, personal, that’s water, watery, and appropriated.bile, phlegm, pus, blood, sweat, fat, tears, grease, saliva, snot, synovial fluid, urine; or anything else internal, personal, that’s water, watery, and appropriated.

This is called the interior water element.This is called the interior water element.The interior water element and the exterior water element are just the water element.The interior water element and the exterior water element are just the water element.This should be truly seen with right understanding like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’This should be truly seen with right understanding like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’

When you truly see with right understanding, you grow disillusioned with the water element, detaching the mind from the water element.When you truly see with right understanding, you grow disillusioned with the water element, detaching the mind from the water element.And what is the fire element?And what is the fire element?The fire element may be interior or exterior.The fire element may be interior or exterior.

And what is the interior fire element?And what is the interior fire element?Anything internal, personal, that’s fire, fiery, and appropriated. This includes:Anything internal, personal, that’s fire, fiery, and appropriated. This includes:that which warms, that which ages, that which heats you up when feverish, that which properly digests food and drink; or anything else internal, personal, that’s fire, fiery, and appropriated.that which warms, that which ages, that which heats you up when feverish, that which properly digests food and drink; or anything else internal, personal, that’s fire, fiery, and appropriated.

This is called the interior fire element.This is called the interior fire element.The interior fire element and the exterior fire element are just the fire element.The interior fire element and the exterior fire element are just the fire element.This should be truly seen with right understanding like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’This should be truly seen with right understanding like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’

When you truly see with right understanding, you grow disillusioned with the fire element, detaching the mind from the fire element.When you truly see with right understanding, you grow disillusioned with the fire element, detaching the mind from the fire element.And what is the air element?And what is the air element?The air element may be interior or exterior.The air element may be interior or exterior.

And what is the interior air element?And what is the interior air element?Anything internal, personal, that’s air, airy, and appropriated. This includes:Anything internal, personal, that’s air, airy, and appropriated. This includes:winds that go up or down, winds in the belly or the bowels, winds that flow through the limbs, in-breaths and out-breaths; or anything else internal, personal, that’s air, airy, and appropriated.winds that go up or down, winds in the belly or the bowels, winds that flow through the limbs, in-breaths and out-breaths; or anything else internal, personal, that’s air, airy, and appropriated.

This is called the interior air element.This is called the interior air element.The interior air element and the exterior air element are just the air element.The interior air element and the exterior air element are just the air element.This should be truly seen with right understanding like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’This should be truly seen with right understanding like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’

When you truly see with right understanding, you grow disillusioned with the air element, detaching the mind from the air element.When you truly see with right understanding, you grow disillusioned with the air element, detaching the mind from the air element.And what is the space element?And what is the space element?The space element may be interior or exterior.The space element may be interior or exterior.

And what is the interior space element?And what is the interior space element?Anything internal, personal, that’s space, spacious, and appropriated. This includes:Anything internal, personal, that’s space, spacious, and appropriated. This includes:the ear canals, nostrils, and mouth; and the space for swallowing what is eaten and drunk, the space where it stays, and the space for excreting it from the nether regions; or anything else internal, personal, that’s space, spacious, and appropriated.the ear canals, nostrils, and mouth; and the space for swallowing what is eaten and drunk, the space where it stays, and the space for excreting it from the nether regions; or anything else internal, personal, that’s space, spacious, and appropriated.

This is called the interior space element.This is called the interior space element.The interior space element and the exterior space element are just the space element.The interior space element and the exterior space element are just the space element.This should be truly seen with right understanding like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’This should be truly seen with right understanding like this: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’

When you truly see with right understanding, you grow disillusioned with the space element, detaching the mind from the space element.When you truly see with right understanding, you grow disillusioned with the space element, detaching the mind from the space element.Rāhula, meditate like the earth.Rāhula, meditate like the earth.For when you meditate like the earth, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.For when you meditate like the earth, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.

Suppose they were to toss both clean and unclean things on the earth, like feces, urine, spit, pus, and blood. The earth isn’t horrified, repelled, and disgusted because of this.Suppose they were to toss both clean and unclean things on the earth, like feces, urine, spit, pus, and blood. The earth isn’t horrified, repelled, and disgusted because of this.In the same way, meditate like the earth.In the same way, meditate like the earth.For when you meditate like the earth, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.For when you meditate like the earth, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.

Meditate like water.Meditate like water.For when you meditate like water, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.For when you meditate like water, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.Suppose they were to wash both clean and unclean things in the water, like feces, urine, spit, pus, and blood. The water isn’t horrified, repelled, and disgusted because of this.Suppose they were to wash both clean and unclean things in the water, like feces, urine, spit, pus, and blood. The water isn’t horrified, repelled, and disgusted because of this.

In the same way, meditate like water.In the same way, meditate like water.For when you meditate like water, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.For when you meditate like water, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.Meditate like fire.Meditate like fire.

For when you meditate like fire, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.For when you meditate like fire, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.Suppose a fire were to burn both clean and unclean things, like feces, urine, spit, pus, and blood. The fire isn’t horrified, repelled, and disgusted because of this.Suppose a fire were to burn both clean and unclean things, like feces, urine, spit, pus, and blood. The fire isn’t horrified, repelled, and disgusted because of this.In the same way, meditate like fire.In the same way, meditate like fire.

For when you meditate like fire, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.For when you meditate like fire, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.Meditate like wind.Meditate like wind.For when you meditate like wind, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.For when you meditate like wind, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.

Suppose the wind were to blow on both clean and unclean things, like feces, urine, spit, pus, and blood. The wind isn’t horrified, repelled, and disgusted because of this.Suppose the wind were to blow on both clean and unclean things, like feces, urine, spit, pus, and blood. The wind isn’t horrified, repelled, and disgusted because of this.In the same way, meditate like the wind.In the same way, meditate like the wind.For when you meditate like wind, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.For when you meditate like wind, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.

Meditate like space.Meditate like space.For when you meditate like space, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.For when you meditate like space, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.Just as space is not established anywhere,Just as space is not established anywhere,

in the same way, meditate like space.in the same way, meditate like space.For when you meditate like space, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.For when you meditate like space, pleasant and unpleasant contacts will not occupy your mind.Meditate on love.Meditate on love.

For when you meditate on love any ill will will be given up.For when you meditate on love any ill will will be given up.Meditate on compassion.Meditate on compassion.For when you meditate on compassion any cruelty will be given up.For when you meditate on compassion any cruelty will be given up.

Meditate on rejoicing.Meditate on rejoicing.For when you meditate on rejoicing any discontent will be given up.For when you meditate on rejoicing any discontent will be given up.Meditate on equanimity.Meditate on equanimity.

For when you meditate on equanimity any aversion will be given up.For when you meditate on equanimity any aversion will be given up.Meditate on ugliness.Meditate on ugliness.For when you meditate on ugliness any lust will be given up.For when you meditate on ugliness any lust will be given up.

Meditate on impermanence.Meditate on impermanence.For when you meditate on impermanence any conceit ‘I am’ will be given up.For when you meditate on impermanence any conceit ‘I am’ will be given up.Develop mindfulness of breathing.Develop mindfulness of breathing.

When mindfulness of breathing is developed and cultivated it’s very fruitful and beneficial.When mindfulness of breathing is developed and cultivated it’s very fruitful and beneficial.And how is mindfulness of breathing developed and cultivated to be very fruitful and beneficial?And how is mindfulness of breathing developed and cultivated to be very fruitful and beneficial?It’s when a mendicant—gone to a wilderness, or to the root of a tree, or to an empty hut—sits down cross-legged, sets their body straight, and brings mindfulness to the present.It’s when a mendicant—gone to a wilderness, or to the root of a tree, or to an empty hut—sits down cross-legged, sets their body straight, and brings mindfulness to the present.

Just mindful, they breathe in. Mindful, they breathe out.Just mindful, they breathe in. Mindful, they breathe out.Breathing in heavily they know: ‘I’m breathing in heavily.’ Breathing out heavily they know: ‘I’m breathing out heavily.’Breathing in heavily they know: ‘I’m breathing in heavily.’ Breathing out heavily they know: ‘I’m breathing out heavily.’Breathing in lightly they know: ‘I’m breathing in lightly.’ Breathing out lightly they know: ‘I’m breathing out lightly.’Breathing in lightly they know: ‘I’m breathing in lightly.’ Breathing out lightly they know: ‘I’m breathing out lightly.’

They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in experiencing the whole body.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out experiencing the whole body.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in experiencing the whole body.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out experiencing the whole body.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in stilling the physical process.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out stilling the physical process.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in stilling the physical process.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out stilling the physical process.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in experiencing rapture.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out experiencing rapture.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in experiencing rapture.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out experiencing rapture.’

They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in experiencing bliss.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out experiencing bliss.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in experiencing bliss.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out experiencing bliss.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in experiencing the mental process.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out experiencing the mental process.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in experiencing the mental process.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out experiencing the mental process.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in stilling the mental process.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out stilling the mental process.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in stilling the mental process.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out stilling the mental process.’

They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in experiencing the mind.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out experiencing the mind.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in experiencing the mind.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out experiencing the mind.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in gladdening the mind.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out gladdening the mind.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in gladdening the mind.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out gladdening the mind.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in immersing the mind in samādhi.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out immersing the mind in samādhi.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in immersing the mind in samādhi.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out immersing the mind in samādhi.’

They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in freeing the mind.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out freeing the mind.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in freeing the mind.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out freeing the mind.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in observing impermanence.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out observing impermanence.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in observing impermanence.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out observing impermanence.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in observing fading away.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out observing fading away.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in observing fading away.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out observing fading away.’

They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in observing cessation.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out observing cessation.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in observing cessation.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out observing cessation.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in observing letting go.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out observing letting go.’They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe in observing letting go.’ They practice like this: ‘I’ll breathe out observing letting go.’Mindfulness of breathing, when developed and cultivated in this way, is very fruitful and beneficial.Mindfulness of breathing, when developed and cultivated in this way, is very fruitful and beneficial.

When mindfulness of breathing is developed and cultivated in this way, even as the final breaths cease they are known, not unknown.”When mindfulness of breathing is developed and cultivated in this way, even as the final breaths cease they are known, not unknown.”That is what the Buddha said.That is what the Buddha said.