中部第 32 经（Sujato 英译）第 1 阅读页 · The Longer Discourse at Gosiṅga · 1/2

Middle Discourses 32Middle Discourses 32The Longer Discourse at GosiṅgaThe Longer Discourse at Gosiṅga

So I have heard.So I have heard.At one time the Buddha was staying in the sal forest park at Gosiṅga, together with several well-known senior disciples, such asAt one time the Buddha was staying in the sal forest park at Gosiṅga, together with several well-known senior disciples, such asthe venerables Sāriputta, Mahāmoggallāna, Mahākassapa, Anuruddha, Revata, Ānanda, and others.the venerables Sāriputta, Mahāmoggallāna, Mahākassapa, Anuruddha, Revata, Ānanda, and others.

Then in the late afternoon, Venerable Mahāmoggallāna came out of retreat, went to Venerable Mahākassapa, and said,Then in the late afternoon, Venerable Mahāmoggallāna came out of retreat, went to Venerable Mahākassapa, and said,“Come, Reverend Kassapa, let’s go to Venerable Sāriputta to hear the teaching.”“Come, Reverend Kassapa, let’s go to Venerable Sāriputta to hear the teaching.”“Yes, reverend,” Mahākassapa replied.“Yes, reverend,” Mahākassapa replied.

Then, together with Venerable Anuruddha, they went to Sāriputta to hear the teaching.Then, together with Venerable Anuruddha, they went to Sāriputta to hear the teaching.Seeing them, Venerable ĀnandaSeeing them, Venerable Ānandawent to Venerable Revata, told him what was happening,went to Venerable Revata, told him what was happening,

and invited him also.and invited him also.Sāriputta saw them coming off in the distanceSāriputta saw them coming off in the distanceand said to Ānanda,and said to Ānanda,

“Come, Venerable Ānanda.“Come, Venerable Ānanda.Welcome to Ānanda, the Buddha’s attendant, who is so close to the Buddha.Welcome to Ānanda, the Buddha’s attendant, who is so close to the Buddha.Reverend Ānanda, the sal forest park at Gosiṅga is lovely, the night is bright, the sal trees are in full blossom, and heavenly scents seem to float on the air.Reverend Ānanda, the sal forest park at Gosiṅga is lovely, the night is bright, the sal trees are in full blossom, and heavenly scents seem to float on the air.

What kind of mendicant would grace this park?”What kind of mendicant would grace this park?”“Reverend Sāriputta, it’s a mendicant who is very learned, remembering and keeping what they’ve learned. These teachings are good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased, describing a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. They are very learned in such teachings, remembering them, rehearsing them, mentally scrutinizing them, and penetrating them theoretically.“Reverend Sāriputta, it’s a mendicant who is very learned, remembering and keeping what they’ve learned. These teachings are good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased, describing a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. They are very learned in such teachings, remembering them, rehearsing them, mentally scrutinizing them, and penetrating them theoretically.

And they teach the four assemblies in order to uproot the underlying tendencies with well-rounded and coherent words and phrases.And they teach the four assemblies in order to uproot the underlying tendencies with well-rounded and coherent words and phrases.That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”When he had spoken, Sāriputta said to Revata,When he had spoken, Sāriputta said to Revata,

“Reverend Revata, Ānanda has answered according to his own inspiration.“Reverend Revata, Ānanda has answered according to his own inspiration.And now we ask you the same question.”And now we ask you the same question.”“Reverend Sāriputta, it’s a mendicant who enjoys retreat and loves retreat. They’re committed to inner serenity of the heart, they don’t neglect absorption, they’re endowed with discernment, and they frequent empty huts.“Reverend Sāriputta, it’s a mendicant who enjoys retreat and loves retreat. They’re committed to inner serenity of the heart, they don’t neglect absorption, they’re endowed with discernment, and they frequent empty huts.

That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”When he had spoken, Sāriputta said to Anuruddha,When he had spoken, Sāriputta said to Anuruddha,“Reverend Anuruddha, Revata has answered according to his own inspiration.“Reverend Anuruddha, Revata has answered according to his own inspiration.

And now we ask you the same question.”And now we ask you the same question.”“Reverend Sāriputta, it’s a mendicant who surveys a thousandfold galaxy with clairvoyance that is purified and surpasses the human,“Reverend Sāriputta, it’s a mendicant who surveys a thousandfold galaxy with clairvoyance that is purified and surpasses the human,just as a person with clear eyes could survey a thousand orbits from the upper floor of a royal longhouse.just as a person with clear eyes could survey a thousand orbits from the upper floor of a royal longhouse.

That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”When he had spoken, Sāriputta said to Mahākassapa,When he had spoken, Sāriputta said to Mahākassapa,“Reverend Kassapa, Anuruddha has answered according to his own inspiration.“Reverend Kassapa, Anuruddha has answered according to his own inspiration.

And now we ask you the same question.”And now we ask you the same question.”“Reverend Sāriputta, it’s a mendicant who lives in the wilderness, eats only almsfood, wears rag robes, and owns just three robes; and they praise these things. They are of few wishes, content, secluded, aloof, and energetic; and they praise these things. They are accomplished in ethics, immersion, wisdom, freedom, and the knowledge and vision of freedom; and they praise these things.“Reverend Sāriputta, it’s a mendicant who lives in the wilderness, eats only almsfood, wears rag robes, and owns just three robes; and they praise these things. They are of few wishes, content, secluded, aloof, and energetic; and they praise these things. They are accomplished in ethics, immersion, wisdom, freedom, and the knowledge and vision of freedom; and they praise these things.

That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”When he had spoken, Sāriputta said to Mahāmoggallāna,When he had spoken, Sāriputta said to Mahāmoggallāna,“Reverend Moggallāna, Mahākassapa has answered according to his own inspiration.“Reverend Moggallāna, Mahākassapa has answered according to his own inspiration.

And now we ask you the same question.”And now we ask you the same question.”“Reverend Sāriputta, it’s when two mendicants engage in discussion about the teaching. They question each other and answer each other’s questions without faltering, and their discussion on the teaching flows on.“Reverend Sāriputta, it’s when two mendicants engage in discussion about the teaching. They question each other and answer each other’s questions without faltering, and their discussion on the teaching flows on.That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”

Then Mahāmoggallāna said to Sāriputta,Then Mahāmoggallāna said to Sāriputta,“Each of us has spoken from our heart.“Each of us has spoken from our heart.And now we ask you:And now we ask you:

Reverend Sāriputta, the sal forest park at Gosiṅga is lovely, the night is bright, the sal trees are in full blossom, and heavenly scents seem to float on the air.Reverend Sāriputta, the sal forest park at Gosiṅga is lovely, the night is bright, the sal trees are in full blossom, and heavenly scents seem to float on the air.What kind of mendicant would grace this park?”What kind of mendicant would grace this park?”“Reverend Moggallāna, it’s when a mendicant masters their mind and is not mastered by it.“Reverend Moggallāna, it’s when a mendicant masters their mind and is not mastered by it.

In the morning, they abide in whatever meditation or attainment they want.In the morning, they abide in whatever meditation or attainment they want.At midday,At midday,and in the evening, they abide in whatever meditation or attainment they want.and in the evening, they abide in whatever meditation or attainment they want.

Suppose that a ruler or their chief minister had a chest full of garments of different colors.Suppose that a ruler or their chief minister had a chest full of garments of different colors.In the morning, they’d don whatever pair of garments they wanted.In the morning, they’d don whatever pair of garments they wanted.At midday,At midday,

and in the evening, they’d don whatever pair of garments they wanted.and in the evening, they’d don whatever pair of garments they wanted.In the same way, a mendicant masters their mind and is not mastered by it.In the same way, a mendicant masters their mind and is not mastered by it.In the morning, they abide in whatever meditation or attainment they want.In the morning, they abide in whatever meditation or attainment they want.

At midday,At midday,and in the evening, they abide in whatever meditation or attainment they want.and in the evening, they abide in whatever meditation or attainment they want.That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”

Then Sāriputta said to those venerables,Then Sāriputta said to those venerables,“Each of us has spoken from the heart.“Each of us has spoken from the heart.Come, reverends, let’s go to the Buddha, and inform him about this.Come, reverends, let’s go to the Buddha, and inform him about this.

As he answers, so we’ll remember it.”As he answers, so we’ll remember it.”“Yes, reverend,” they replied.“Yes, reverend,” they replied.Then those venerables went to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. Venerable Sāriputta told the Buddha of how the mendicants had come to see him, and how he had asked Ānanda:Then those venerables went to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. Venerable Sāriputta told the Buddha of how the mendicants had come to see him, and how he had asked Ānanda:

“‘Ānanda, the sal forest park at Gosiṅga is lovely, the night is bright, the sal trees are in full blossom, and heavenly scents seem to float on the air.“‘Ānanda, the sal forest park at Gosiṅga is lovely, the night is bright, the sal trees are in full blossom, and heavenly scents seem to float on the air.What kind of mendicant would grace this park?’What kind of mendicant would grace this park?’When I had spoken, Ānanda said to me:When I had spoken, Ānanda said to me:

‘Reverend Sāriputta, it’s a mendicant who is very learned …‘Reverend Sāriputta, it’s a mendicant who is very learned …That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.’”That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.’”“Good, good, Sāriputta!“Good, good, Sāriputta!

Ānanda answered in the right way for him.Ānanda answered in the right way for him.For Ānanda is very learned …”For Ānanda is very learned …”“Next I asked Revata the same question.“Next I asked Revata the same question.

He said:He said:‘It’s a mendicant who enjoys retreat …‘It’s a mendicant who enjoys retreat …That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.’”That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.’”

“Good, good, Sāriputta!“Good, good, Sāriputta!Revata answered in the right way for him.Revata answered in the right way for him.For Revata enjoys retreat …”For Revata enjoys retreat …”

“Next I asked Anuruddha the same question.“Next I asked Anuruddha the same question.He said:He said:‘It’s a mendicant who surveys the thousandfold galaxy with clairvoyance that is purified and surpasses the human …‘It’s a mendicant who surveys the thousandfold galaxy with clairvoyance that is purified and surpasses the human …

That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.’”That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.’”“Good, good, Sāriputta! Anuruddha answered in the right way for him.“Good, good, Sāriputta! Anuruddha answered in the right way for him.For Anuruddha surveys the thousandfold galaxy with clairvoyance that is purified and surpasses the human.”For Anuruddha surveys the thousandfold galaxy with clairvoyance that is purified and surpasses the human.”

“Next I asked Mahākassapa the same question.“Next I asked Mahākassapa the same question.He said:He said:‘It’s a mendicant who lives in the wilderness … and is accomplished in the knowledge and vision of freedom; and they praise these things.‘It’s a mendicant who lives in the wilderness … and is accomplished in the knowledge and vision of freedom; and they praise these things.

That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.’”That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.’”“Good, good, Sāriputta!“Good, good, Sāriputta!Kassapa answered in the right way for him.Kassapa answered in the right way for him.

For Kassapa lives in the wilderness … and is accomplished in the knowledge and vision of freedom; and he praises these things.”For Kassapa lives in the wilderness … and is accomplished in the knowledge and vision of freedom; and he praises these things.”“Next I asked Mahāmoggallāna the same question.“Next I asked Mahāmoggallāna the same question.He said:He said:

‘It’s when two mendicants engage in discussion about the teaching …‘It’s when two mendicants engage in discussion about the teaching …That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.’”That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.’”“Good, good, Sāriputta! Moggallāna answered in the right way for him.“Good, good, Sāriputta! Moggallāna answered in the right way for him.

For Moggallāna is a Dhamma speaker.”For Moggallāna is a Dhamma speaker.”When he had spoken, Moggallāna said to the Buddha,When he had spoken, Moggallāna said to the Buddha,“Next, I asked Sāriputta:“Next, I asked Sāriputta:

‘Each of us has spoken according to our own inspiration.‘Each of us has spoken according to our own inspiration.And now we ask you:And now we ask you:Reverend Sāriputta, the sal forest park at Gosiṅga is lovely, the night is bright, the sal trees are in full blossom, and heavenly scents seem to float on the air.Reverend Sāriputta, the sal forest park at Gosiṅga is lovely, the night is bright, the sal trees are in full blossom, and heavenly scents seem to float on the air.

What kind of mendicant would grace this park?’What kind of mendicant would grace this park?’When I had spoken, Sāriputta said to me:When I had spoken, Sāriputta said to me:‘Reverend Moggallāna, it’s when a mendicant masters their mind and is not mastered by it …‘Reverend Moggallāna, it’s when a mendicant masters their mind and is not mastered by it …

That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.’”That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.’”“Good, good, Moggallāna!“Good, good, Moggallāna!Sāriputta answered in the right way for him.Sāriputta answered in the right way for him.

For Sāriputta masters his mind and is not mastered by it …”For Sāriputta masters his mind and is not mastered by it …”When he had spoken, Sāriputta asked the Buddha,When he had spoken, Sāriputta asked the Buddha,“Sir, who has spoken well?”“Sir, who has spoken well?”

“You’ve all spoken well in your own way.“You’ve all spoken well in your own way.However, listen to me also as to what kind of mendicant would grace this sal forest park at Gosiṅga.However, listen to me also as to what kind of mendicant would grace this sal forest park at Gosiṅga.It’s a mendicant who, after the meal, returns from almsround, sits down cross-legged, sets their body straight, and brings mindfulness to the present, thinking:It’s a mendicant who, after the meal, returns from almsround, sits down cross-legged, sets their body straight, and brings mindfulness to the present, thinking:

‘I will not break this sitting posture until my mind is freed from the defilements by not grasping!’‘I will not break this sitting posture until my mind is freed from the defilements by not grasping!’That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”That is what the Buddha said.That is what the Buddha said.