长部第 29 经（Sujato 英译）第 1 阅读页 · An Impressive Discourse · 1/4

Long Discourses 29Long Discourses 29An Impressive DiscourseAn Impressive Discourse

So I have heard.So I have heard.At one time the Buddha was staying in the land of the Sakyans in a stilt longhouse in a mango grove belonging to those Sakyans named Vedhaññā.At one time the Buddha was staying in the land of the Sakyans in a stilt longhouse in a mango grove belonging to those Sakyans named Vedhaññā.Now at that time the Jain ascetic of the Ñātika clan had recently passed away at Pāvā.Now at that time the Jain ascetic of the Ñātika clan had recently passed away at Pāvā.

With his passing the Jain ascetics split, dividing into two factions, fighting, quarreling, and disputing, continually wounding each other with barbed words:With his passing the Jain ascetics split, dividing into two factions, fighting, quarreling, and disputing, continually wounding each other with barbed words:“You don’t understand this teaching and training. I understand this teaching and training. What, you understand this teaching and training? You’re practicing wrong. I’m practicing right. I stay on topic, you don’t. You said last what you should have said first. You said first what you should have said last. What you’ve thought so much about has been disproved. Your doctrine is refuted. Go on, save your doctrine! You’re trapped; get yourself out of this—if you can!”“You don’t understand this teaching and training. I understand this teaching and training. What, you understand this teaching and training? You’re practicing wrong. I’m practicing right. I stay on topic, you don’t. You said last what you should have said first. You said first what you should have said last. What you’ve thought so much about has been disproved. Your doctrine is refuted. Go on, save your doctrine! You’re trapped; get yourself out of this—if you can!”

You’d think there was nothing but slaughter going on among the Jain ascetics.You’d think there was nothing but slaughter going on among the Jain ascetics.And the Jain Ñātika’s white-clothed lay disciples were disillusioned, dismayed, and disappointed in the Jain ascetics. They were equally disappointed with a teaching and training so poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha, with broken monument and without a refuge.And the Jain Ñātika’s white-clothed lay disciples were disillusioned, dismayed, and disappointed in the Jain ascetics. They were equally disappointed with a teaching and training so poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha, with broken monument and without a refuge.

And then, after completing the rainy season residence near Pāvā, the novice Cunda went to see Venerable Ānanda at Sāma village. He bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened.And then, after completing the rainy season residence near Pāvā, the novice Cunda went to see Venerable Ānanda at Sāma village. He bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened.Ānanda said to him,Ānanda said to him,“Reverend Cunda, we should see the Buddha about this matter.“Reverend Cunda, we should see the Buddha about this matter.

Come, let’s go to the Buddha and tell him about this.”Come, let’s go to the Buddha and tell him about this.”“Yes, sir,” replied Cunda.“Yes, sir,” replied Cunda.Then Ānanda and Cunda went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened.Then Ānanda and Cunda went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened.

1. The Teaching of the Unawakened1. The Teaching of the Unawakened

“That’s what happens, Cunda, when a teaching and training is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.“That’s what happens, Cunda, when a teaching and training is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.Take the case where a teacher is not awakened, and the teaching is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.Take the case where a teacher is not awakened, and the teaching is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.

A disciple in that teaching does not practice in line with the teaching, does not practice following that procedure, does not live in line with the teaching. They proceed having turned away from that teaching.A disciple in that teaching does not practice in line with the teaching, does not practice following that procedure, does not live in line with the teaching. They proceed having turned away from that teaching.You should say this to them,You should say this to them,‘You’re fortunate, reverend, you’re so very fortunate!‘You’re fortunate, reverend, you’re so very fortunate!

For your teacher is not awakened, and their teaching is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.For your teacher is not awakened, and their teaching is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.But you don’t practice in line with that teaching, you don’t practice following that procedure, you don’t live in line with the teaching. You proceed having turned away from that teaching.’But you don’t practice in line with that teaching, you don’t practice following that procedure, you don’t live in line with the teaching. You proceed having turned away from that teaching.’

In such a case the teacher and the teaching are to blame, but the disciple deserves praise.In such a case the teacher and the teaching are to blame, but the disciple deserves praise.Suppose someone was to say to such a disciple,Suppose someone was to say to such a disciple,‘Come on, venerable, practice as taught and pointed out by your teacher.’‘Come on, venerable, practice as taught and pointed out by your teacher.’

The one who encourages, the one who they encourage, and the one who practices accordingly all brim with much wickedness.The one who encourages, the one who they encourage, and the one who practices accordingly all brim with much wickedness.Why is that?Why is that?It’s because that teaching and training is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.It’s because that teaching and training is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.

Take the case where a teacher is not awakened, and the teaching is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.Take the case where a teacher is not awakened, and the teaching is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.A disciple in that teaching practices in line with the teaching, practices following that procedure, lives in line with the teaching. They proceed having undertaken that teaching.A disciple in that teaching practices in line with the teaching, practices following that procedure, lives in line with the teaching. They proceed having undertaken that teaching.

You should say this to them,You should say this to them,‘It’s your loss, reverend, it’s your misfortune! For your teacher is not awakened, and their teaching is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.‘It’s your loss, reverend, it’s your misfortune! For your teacher is not awakened, and their teaching is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.And you practice in line with that teaching, you practice following that procedure, you live in line with the teaching. You proceed having undertaken that teaching.’And you practice in line with that teaching, you practice following that procedure, you live in line with the teaching. You proceed having undertaken that teaching.’

In such a case the teacher, the teaching, and the disciple are all to blame.In such a case the teacher, the teaching, and the disciple are all to blame.Suppose someone was to say to such a disciple,Suppose someone was to say to such a disciple,‘Clearly the venerable is practicing systematically and will succeed in that system.’‘Clearly the venerable is practicing systematically and will succeed in that system.’

The one who praises, the one who they praise, and the one who, being praised, rouses up even more energy all brim with much wickedness.The one who praises, the one who they praise, and the one who, being praised, rouses up even more energy all brim with much wickedness.Why is that?Why is that?It’s because that teaching and training is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.It’s because that teaching and training is poorly explained and poorly propounded, not emancipating, not leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is not a fully awakened Buddha.

2. The Teaching of the Awakened2. The Teaching of the Awakened

Take the case where a teacher is awakened, and the teaching is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is a fully awakened Buddha.Take the case where a teacher is awakened, and the teaching is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is a fully awakened Buddha.A disciple in that teaching does not practice in line with the teaching, does not practice following that procedure, does not live in line with the teaching. They proceed having turned away from that teaching.A disciple in that teaching does not practice in line with the teaching, does not practice following that procedure, does not live in line with the teaching. They proceed having turned away from that teaching.

You should say this to them,You should say this to them,‘It’s your loss, reverend, it’s your misfortune! For your teacher is awakened, and their teaching is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is a fully awakened Buddha.‘It’s your loss, reverend, it’s your misfortune! For your teacher is awakened, and their teaching is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is a fully awakened Buddha.But you don’t practice in line with that teaching, you don’t practice following that procedure, you don’t live in line with the teaching. You proceed having turned away from that teaching.’But you don’t practice in line with that teaching, you don’t practice following that procedure, you don’t live in line with the teaching. You proceed having turned away from that teaching.’

In such a case the teacher and the teaching deserve praise, but the disciple is to blame.In such a case the teacher and the teaching deserve praise, but the disciple is to blame.Suppose someone was to say to such a disciple,Suppose someone was to say to such a disciple,‘Come on, venerable, practice as taught and pointed out by your teacher.’‘Come on, venerable, practice as taught and pointed out by your teacher.’

The one who encourages, the one who they encourage, and the one who practices accordingly all brim with much merit.The one who encourages, the one who they encourage, and the one who practices accordingly all brim with much merit.Why is that?Why is that?It’s because that teaching and training is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is a fully awakened Buddha.It’s because that teaching and training is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is a fully awakened Buddha.

Take the case where a teacher is awakened, and the teaching is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is a fully awakened Buddha.Take the case where a teacher is awakened, and the teaching is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is a fully awakened Buddha.A disciple in that teaching practices in line with the teaching, practices following that procedure, lives in line with the teaching. They proceed having undertaken that teaching.A disciple in that teaching practices in line with the teaching, practices following that procedure, lives in line with the teaching. They proceed having undertaken that teaching.

You should say this to them,You should say this to them,‘You’re fortunate, reverend, you’re so very fortunate!‘You’re fortunate, reverend, you’re so very fortunate!For your teacher is awakened, and their teaching is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is a fully awakened Buddha.For your teacher is awakened, and their teaching is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is a fully awakened Buddha.

And you practice in line with that teaching, you practice following that procedure, you live in line with the teaching. You proceed having undertaken that teaching.’And you practice in line with that teaching, you practice following that procedure, you live in line with the teaching. You proceed having undertaken that teaching.’In such a case the teacher, the teaching, and the disciple all deserve praise.In such a case the teacher, the teaching, and the disciple all deserve praise.Suppose someone was to say to such a disciple,Suppose someone was to say to such a disciple,

‘Clearly the venerable is practicing systematically and will succeed in that system.’‘Clearly the venerable is practicing systematically and will succeed in that system.’The one who praises, the one who they praise, and the one who, being praised, rouses up even more energy all brim with much merit.The one who praises, the one who they praise, and the one who, being praised, rouses up even more energy all brim with much merit.Why is that?Why is that?

It’s because that teaching and training is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is a fully awakened Buddha.It’s because that teaching and training is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is a fully awakened Buddha.

3. When Disciples Have Regrets3. When Disciples Have Regrets

Take the case where a teacher arises in the world who is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha. The teaching is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is fully awakened.Take the case where a teacher arises in the world who is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha. The teaching is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is fully awakened.But the disciples have not been educated in the meaning of that good teaching. And the spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure has not been disclosed and divulged to them; its sayings have not all been collected; and it has not been fully revealed with its demonstrable basis among gods and humans.But the disciples have not been educated in the meaning of that good teaching. And the spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure has not been disclosed and divulged to them; its sayings have not all been collected; and it has not been fully revealed with its demonstrable basis among gods and humans.

And then their teacher passes away.And then their teacher passes away.When such a teacher has passed away the disciples are tormented by regrets.When such a teacher has passed away the disciples are tormented by regrets.Why is that?Why is that?

They think: ‘Our teacher was perfected, a fully awakened Buddha. His teaching was well explained, but we were not educated in its meaning. And the spiritual practice was not fully disclosed and divulged to us; its sayings have not all been collected; and it has not been fully revealed with its demonstrable basis among gods and humans.They think: ‘Our teacher was perfected, a fully awakened Buddha. His teaching was well explained, but we were not educated in its meaning. And the spiritual practice was not fully disclosed and divulged to us; its sayings have not all been collected; and it has not been fully revealed with its demonstrable basis among gods and humans.And then our teacher passed away.’And then our teacher passed away.’

When such a teacher has passed away the disciples are tormented by regrets.When such a teacher has passed away the disciples are tormented by regrets.

4. When Disciples Have No Regrets4. When Disciples Have No Regrets

Take the case where a teacher arises in the world who is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha. The teaching is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is fully awakened.Take the case where a teacher arises in the world who is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha. The teaching is well explained and well propounded, emancipating, leading to peace, proclaimed by someone who is fully awakened.The disciples have been educated in the meaning of that good teaching. And the spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure has been disclosed and divulged to them; its sayings have all been collected; and it has been fully revealed with its demonstrable basis among gods and humans.The disciples have been educated in the meaning of that good teaching. And the spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure has been disclosed and divulged to them; its sayings have all been collected; and it has been fully revealed with its demonstrable basis among gods and humans.

And then their teacher passes away.And then their teacher passes away.When such a teacher has passed away the disciples are free of regrets.When such a teacher has passed away the disciples are free of regrets.Why is that?Why is that?

They think: ‘Our teacher was perfected, a fully awakened Buddha.They think: ‘Our teacher was perfected, a fully awakened Buddha.His teaching was well explained,His teaching was well explained,we were educated in its meaning, and the spiritual practice was fully revealed to us.we were educated in its meaning, and the spiritual practice was fully revealed to us.

And then our teacher passed away.’And then our teacher passed away.’When such a teacher has passed away the disciples are free of regrets.When such a teacher has passed away the disciples are free of regrets.

5. On the Incomplete Spiritual Path, Etc.5. On the Incomplete Spiritual Path, Etc.

Now suppose, Cunda, that a spiritual path possesses those factors. But the teacher is not senior, long standing, long gone forth, advanced in years, and reached the final stage of life.Now suppose, Cunda, that a spiritual path possesses those factors. But the teacher is not senior, long standing, long gone forth, advanced in years, and reached the final stage of life.Then that spiritual path is incomplete in that respect.Then that spiritual path is incomplete in that respect.But when a spiritual path possesses those factors and the teacher is senior,But when a spiritual path possesses those factors and the teacher is senior,

then that spiritual path is complete in that respect.then that spiritual path is complete in that respect.Now suppose that a spiritual path possesses those factors and the teacher is senior. But there are no senior monk disciples who are competent, educated, self-assured, have attained sanctuary from the yoke,Now suppose that a spiritual path possesses those factors and the teacher is senior. But there are no senior monk disciples who are competent, educated, self-assured, have attained sanctuary from the yoke,who can rightly explain the true teaching, and who can legitimately and completely refute the doctrines of others that come up, and teach with a demonstrable basis.who can rightly explain the true teaching, and who can legitimately and completely refute the doctrines of others that come up, and teach with a demonstrable basis.

Then that spiritual path is incomplete in that respect.Then that spiritual path is incomplete in that respect.But when a spiritual path possesses those factors and the teacher is senior and there are competent senior monks,But when a spiritual path possesses those factors and the teacher is senior and there are competent senior monks,then that spiritual path is complete in that respect.then that spiritual path is complete in that respect.

Now suppose that a spiritual path possesses those factors and the teacher is senior and there are competent senior monks.Now suppose that a spiritual path possesses those factors and the teacher is senior and there are competent senior monks.But there are no competent middle monks,But there are no competent middle monks,junior monks,junior monks,

senior nuns,senior nuns,middle nuns,middle nuns,junior nuns,junior nuns,

chaste white-clothed laymen,chaste white-clothed laymen,white-clothed laymen enjoying sensual pleasures,white-clothed laymen enjoying sensual pleasures,chaste white-clothed laywomen,chaste white-clothed laywomen,

white-clothed laywomen enjoying sensual pleasures. …white-clothed laywomen enjoying sensual pleasures. …There are white-clothed laywomen enjoying sensual pleasures, but the spiritual path is not successful and prosperous, extensive, popular, widespread, and fully revealed among gods and humans …There are white-clothed laywomen enjoying sensual pleasures, but the spiritual path is not successful and prosperous, extensive, popular, widespread, and fully revealed among gods and humans …the spiritual path is successful and prosperous, extensive, popular, widespread, and fully revealed among gods and humans, but it has not reached the peak of material things and fame.the spiritual path is successful and prosperous, extensive, popular, widespread, and fully revealed among gods and humans, but it has not reached the peak of material things and fame.

Then that spiritual path is incomplete in that respect.Then that spiritual path is incomplete in that respect.But when a spiritual path possesses those factors and the teacher is senior and there are competent senior monks,But when a spiritual path possesses those factors and the teacher is senior and there are competent senior monks,middle monks,middle monks,

junior monks,junior monks,senior nuns,senior nuns,middle nuns,middle nuns,

junior nuns,junior nuns,chaste laymen,chaste laymen,laymen enjoying sensual pleasures,laymen enjoying sensual pleasures,

chaste laywomen,chaste laywomen,laywomen enjoying sensual pleasures,laywomen enjoying sensual pleasures,and the spiritual path is successful and prosperous, extensive, popular, widespread, and fully revealed among gods and humans, and it has reached the peak of material things and fame,and the spiritual path is successful and prosperous, extensive, popular, widespread, and fully revealed among gods and humans, and it has reached the peak of material things and fame,

then that spiritual path is complete in that respect.then that spiritual path is complete in that respect.I, Cunda, am a teacher who has arisen in the world today, perfected and fully awakened.I, Cunda, am a teacher who has arisen in the world today, perfected and fully awakened.