长部第 25 经（Sujato 英译）第 1 阅读页 · The Lion’s Roar at the Monastery of Lady Udumbarikā · 1/3

Long Discourses 25Long Discourses 25The Lion’s Roar at the Monastery of Lady UdumbarikāThe Lion’s Roar at the Monastery of Lady Udumbarikā1. The Story of the Wanderer Nigrodha1. The Story of the Wanderer Nigrodha

So I have heard.So I have heard.At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha, on the Vulture’s Peak Mountain.At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha, on the Vulture’s Peak Mountain.Now at that time the wanderer Nigrodha was residing in the lady Udumbarikā’s monastery for wanderers, together with a large assembly of three thousand wanderers.Now at that time the wanderer Nigrodha was residing in the lady Udumbarikā’s monastery for wanderers, together with a large assembly of three thousand wanderers.

Then the householder Sandhāna left Rājagaha in the middle of the day to see the Buddha.Then the householder Sandhāna left Rājagaha in the middle of the day to see the Buddha.Then it occurred to him,Then it occurred to him,“It’s the wrong time to see the Buddha,“It’s the wrong time to see the Buddha,

as he’s in retreat.as he’s in retreat.And it’s the wrong time to see the esteemed mendicants,And it’s the wrong time to see the esteemed mendicants,as they’re in retreat.as they’re in retreat.

Why don’t I visit the wanderer Nigrodha at the lady Udumbarikā’s monastery for wanderers?”Why don’t I visit the wanderer Nigrodha at the lady Udumbarikā’s monastery for wanderers?”So he went to the monastery for the wanderers.So he went to the monastery for the wanderers.Now at that time, Nigrodha was sitting together with a large assembly of wanderers making an uproar, a colossal racket. They engaged in all kinds of low talk, such asNow at that time, Nigrodha was sitting together with a large assembly of wanderers making an uproar, a colossal racket. They engaged in all kinds of low talk, such as

talk about kings, bandits, and chief ministers; talk about armies, threats, and wars; talk about food, drink, clothes, and beds; talk about garlands and fragrances; talk about family, vehicles, villages, towns, cities, and countries; talk about women and heroes; talk at the street market and the place for water pots; talk about the departed; motley talk; tales of land and sea; and talk about being reborn in this or that place.talk about kings, bandits, and chief ministers; talk about armies, threats, and wars; talk about food, drink, clothes, and beds; talk about garlands and fragrances; talk about family, vehicles, villages, towns, cities, and countries; talk about women and heroes; talk at the street market and the place for water pots; talk about the departed; motley talk; tales of land and sea; and talk about being reborn in this or that place.

Nigrodha saw Sandhāna coming off in the distance,Nigrodha saw Sandhāna coming off in the distance,and hushed his own assembly:and hushed his own assembly:“Be quiet, good fellows, don’t make a sound.“Be quiet, good fellows, don’t make a sound.

The householder Sandhāna, a disciple of the ascetic Gotama, is coming.The householder Sandhāna, a disciple of the ascetic Gotama, is coming.He is included among the white-clothed lay disciples of the ascetic Gotama, who is residing near Rājagaha.He is included among the white-clothed lay disciples of the ascetic Gotama, who is residing near Rājagaha.Such venerables like the quiet, are educated to be quiet, and praise the quiet.Such venerables like the quiet, are educated to be quiet, and praise the quiet.

Hopefully if he sees that our assembly is quiet he’ll see fit to approach.”Hopefully if he sees that our assembly is quiet he’ll see fit to approach.”Then those wanderers fell silent.Then those wanderers fell silent.Then Sandhāna went up to the wanderer Nigrodha, and exchanged greetings with him.Then Sandhāna went up to the wanderer Nigrodha, and exchanged greetings with him.

When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to Nigrodha,When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to Nigrodha,“The way the wanderers make an uproar as they sit together and talk about all kinds of low topics is one thing.“The way the wanderers make an uproar as they sit together and talk about all kinds of low topics is one thing.It’s quite different to the way the Buddha frequents remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest that are quiet and still, far from the madding crowd, remote from human settlements, and fit for retreat.”It’s quite different to the way the Buddha frequents remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest that are quiet and still, far from the madding crowd, remote from human settlements, and fit for retreat.”

When Sandhāna said this, Nigrodha said to him,When Sandhāna said this, Nigrodha said to him,“Surely, householder, you should know better! With whom does the ascetic Gotama converse? With whom does he engage in discussion? With whom does he achieve lucidity of wisdom?“Surely, householder, you should know better! With whom does the ascetic Gotama converse? With whom does he engage in discussion? With whom does he achieve lucidity of wisdom?Staying in empty huts has destroyed the ascetic Gotama’s wisdom. Not frequenting assemblies, he is unable to hold a discussion.Staying in empty huts has destroyed the ascetic Gotama’s wisdom. Not frequenting assemblies, he is unable to hold a discussion.

He just lurks on the periphery.He just lurks on the periphery.He’s just like a one-eyed cow, circling around and lurking on the periphery.He’s just like a one-eyed cow, circling around and lurking on the periphery.Go on, householder! Were the ascetic Gotama to come to this assembly, I’d sink him with just one question! I’d tie him up like a hollow pot!”Go on, householder! Were the ascetic Gotama to come to this assembly, I’d sink him with just one question! I’d tie him up like a hollow pot!”

With clairaudience that is purified and superhuman, the Buddha heard this discussion between the householder Sandhāna and the wanderer Nigrodha.With clairaudience that is purified and superhuman, the Buddha heard this discussion between the householder Sandhāna and the wanderer Nigrodha.Then the Buddha descended from Vulture’s Peak Mountain and went to the peacocks’ feeding ground on the bank of the Sumāgadhā, where he walked mindfully in the open air.Then the Buddha descended from Vulture’s Peak Mountain and went to the peacocks’ feeding ground on the bank of the Sumāgadhā, where he walked mindfully in the open air.Nigrodha saw him,Nigrodha saw him,

and hushed his own assembly:and hushed his own assembly:“Be quiet, good fellows, don’t make a sound. Here, the ascetic Gotama is walking mindfully on the bank of the Sumāgadhā.“Be quiet, good fellows, don’t make a sound. Here, the ascetic Gotama is walking mindfully on the bank of the Sumāgadhā.The venerable likes quiet and praises quiet.The venerable likes quiet and praises quiet.

Hopefully if he sees that our assembly is quiet he’ll see fit to approach.Hopefully if he sees that our assembly is quiet he’ll see fit to approach.If he comes, I’ll ask him this question:If he comes, I’ll ask him this question:‘Sir, what teaching do you use to guide your disciples, through which they claim solace in the fundamental goal of the spiritual life?’”‘Sir, what teaching do you use to guide your disciples, through which they claim solace in the fundamental goal of the spiritual life?’”

Then those wanderers fell silent.Then those wanderers fell silent.

2. Mortification in Disgust of Sin2. Mortification in Disgust of Sin

Then the Buddha went up to the wanderer Nigrodha,Then the Buddha went up to the wanderer Nigrodha,who said to him,who said to him,“Let the Blessed One come, sir! Welcome to the Blessed One, sir!“Let the Blessed One come, sir! Welcome to the Blessed One, sir!

It’s been a long time since you took the opportunity to come here.It’s been a long time since you took the opportunity to come here.Please, sir, sit down, here, a seat is ready.”Please, sir, sit down, here, a seat is ready.”The Buddha sat down on the seat spread out,The Buddha sat down on the seat spread out,

while Nigrodha took a low seat and sat to one side.while Nigrodha took a low seat and sat to one side.The Buddha said to him,The Buddha said to him,“Nigrodha, what were you sitting talking about just now? What conversation was left unfinished?”“Nigrodha, what were you sitting talking about just now? What conversation was left unfinished?”

Nigrodha said,Nigrodha said,“Well, sir, I saw you walking mindfully and said:“Well, sir, I saw you walking mindfully and said:‘If the ascetic Gotama comes, I’ll ask him this question:‘If the ascetic Gotama comes, I’ll ask him this question:

“Sir, what teaching do you use to guide your disciples, through which they claim solace in the fundamental goal of the spiritual life?”’“Sir, what teaching do you use to guide your disciples, through which they claim solace in the fundamental goal of the spiritual life?”’This is the conversation that was unfinished when the Buddha arrived.”This is the conversation that was unfinished when the Buddha arrived.”“It’s hard for you to understand this, Nigrodha, since you have a different view, creed, and belief, and another discipline and denomination.“It’s hard for you to understand this, Nigrodha, since you have a different view, creed, and belief, and another discipline and denomination.

Please ask me a question about the higher disgust of sin in your own denomination:Please ask me a question about the higher disgust of sin in your own denomination:‘How are the conditions for the fervent mortification in disgust of sin completed, and how are they incomplete?’”‘How are the conditions for the fervent mortification in disgust of sin completed, and how are they incomplete?’”When he said this, those wanderers made an uproar,When he said this, those wanderers made an uproar,

“Oh lord, how incredible, how amazing! The ascetic Gotama has such power and might! For he sets aside his own doctrine and invites discussion on the doctrine of others!”“Oh lord, how incredible, how amazing! The ascetic Gotama has such power and might! For he sets aside his own doctrine and invites discussion on the doctrine of others!”Then Nigrodha, having quieted those wanderers, said to the Buddha,Then Nigrodha, having quieted those wanderers, said to the Buddha,“Sir, we teach fervent mortification in disgust of sin, regarding it as essential and sticking to it.“Sir, we teach fervent mortification in disgust of sin, regarding it as essential and sticking to it.

How are the conditions for the fervent mortification in disgust of sin completed, and how are they incomplete?”How are the conditions for the fervent mortification in disgust of sin completed, and how are they incomplete?”“Nigrodha, it’s when a mortifier goes naked, ignoring conventions. They lick their hands, and don’t come or wait when called. They don’t consent to food brought to them, or food prepared on their behalf, or an invitation for a meal.“Nigrodha, it’s when a mortifier goes naked, ignoring conventions. They lick their hands, and don’t come or wait when called. They don’t consent to food brought to them, or food prepared on their behalf, or an invitation for a meal.They don’t receive anything from a pot or bowl; or from someone who keeps sheep, or who has a weapon or a shovel in their home; or where a couple is eating; or where there is a woman who is pregnant, breast-feeding, or who lives with a man; or where there’s a hound waiting or flies buzzing. They accept no fish or meat or beer or wine, and drink no fermented gruel.They don’t receive anything from a pot or bowl; or from someone who keeps sheep, or who has a weapon or a shovel in their home; or where a couple is eating; or where there is a woman who is pregnant, breast-feeding, or who lives with a man; or where there’s a hound waiting or flies buzzing. They accept no fish or meat or beer or wine, and drink no fermented gruel.

They go to just one house for alms, taking just one mouthful, or two houses and two mouthfuls, up to seven houses and seven mouthfuls. They feed on one saucer a day, two saucers a day, up to seven saucers a day.They go to just one house for alms, taking just one mouthful, or two houses and two mouthfuls, up to seven houses and seven mouthfuls. They feed on one saucer a day, two saucers a day, up to seven saucers a day.They eat once a day, once every second day, up to once a week, and so on, even up to once a fortnight. They live committed to the practice of eating food at set intervals.They eat once a day, once every second day, up to once a week, and so on, even up to once a fortnight. They live committed to the practice of eating food at set intervals.

They eat herbs, millet, wild rice, poor rice, water lettuce, rice bran, scum from boiling rice, sesame flour, grass, or cow dung. They survive on forest roots and fruits, or eating fallen fruit.They eat herbs, millet, wild rice, poor rice, water lettuce, rice bran, scum from boiling rice, sesame flour, grass, or cow dung. They survive on forest roots and fruits, or eating fallen fruit.They wear robes of sunn hemp, mixed hemp, corpse-wrapping cloth, rags, lodh tree bark, antelope hide (whole or in strips), kusa grass, bark, wood-chips, human hair, horse-tail hair, or owls’ wings.They wear robes of sunn hemp, mixed hemp, corpse-wrapping cloth, rags, lodh tree bark, antelope hide (whole or in strips), kusa grass, bark, wood-chips, human hair, horse-tail hair, or owls’ wings.

They tear out their hair and beard, committed to this practice.They tear out their hair and beard, committed to this practice.They constantly stand, turning down seats.They constantly stand, turning down seats.They squat, committed to the endeavor of squatting.They squat, committed to the endeavor of squatting.

They lie on a mat of thorns, making a mat of thorns their bed.They lie on a mat of thorns, making a mat of thorns their bed.They make their bed on a plank, or the bare ground.They make their bed on a plank, or the bare ground.They lie only on one side.They lie only on one side.

They wear dust and dirt.They wear dust and dirt.They stay in the open air.They stay in the open air.They sleep wherever they lay their mat.They sleep wherever they lay their mat.

They eat unnatural things, committed to the practice of eating unnatural foods.They eat unnatural things, committed to the practice of eating unnatural foods.They don’t drink, committed to the practice of not drinking liquids.They don’t drink, committed to the practice of not drinking liquids.They’re devoted to ritual bathing three times a day, including at dusk.They’re devoted to ritual bathing three times a day, including at dusk.

What do you think, Nigrodha?What do you think, Nigrodha?If this is so, is the fervent mortification in disgust of sin complete, or incomplete?”If this is so, is the fervent mortification in disgust of sin complete, or incomplete?”“Clearly, sir, if that is so the fervent mortification in disgust of sin is complete, not incomplete.”“Clearly, sir, if that is so the fervent mortification in disgust of sin is complete, not incomplete.”

“But even such a completed mortification has many defects, I say.”“But even such a completed mortification has many defects, I say.”

2.1. Defects2.1. Defects

“But how does the Buddha say that even such a completed mortification has many defects?”“But how does the Buddha say that even such a completed mortification has many defects?”“Firstly, a mortifier undertakes a practice of mortification. They’re happy with that, as they’ve got all they wished for.“Firstly, a mortifier undertakes a practice of mortification. They’re happy with that, as they’ve got all they wished for.This is a defect in that mortifier.This is a defect in that mortifier.

Furthermore, a mortifier undertakes a practice of mortification. They glorify themselves and put others down on account of that.Furthermore, a mortifier undertakes a practice of mortification. They glorify themselves and put others down on account of that.This too is a defect in that mortifier.This too is a defect in that mortifier.Furthermore, a mortifier undertakes a practice of mortification. They become indulgent and infatuated and fall into negligence on account of that.Furthermore, a mortifier undertakes a practice of mortification. They become indulgent and infatuated and fall into negligence on account of that.

This too is a defect in that mortifier.This too is a defect in that mortifier.Furthermore, a mortifier undertakes a practice of mortification. They generate possessions, honor, and popularity through that mortification. They’re happy with that, as they’ve got all they wished for.Furthermore, a mortifier undertakes a practice of mortification. They generate possessions, honor, and popularity through that mortification. They’re happy with that, as they’ve got all they wished for.This too is a defect in that mortifier.This too is a defect in that mortifier.

Furthermore, a mortifier undertakes a practice of mortification. They generate possessions, honor, and popularity through that mortification. They glorify themselves and put others down on account of that.Furthermore, a mortifier undertakes a practice of mortification. They generate possessions, honor, and popularity through that mortification. They glorify themselves and put others down on account of that.This too is a defect in that mortifier.This too is a defect in that mortifier.Furthermore, a mortifier undertakes a practice of mortification. They generate possessions, honor, and popularity through that mortification. They become indulgent and infatuated and fall into negligence on account of that.Furthermore, a mortifier undertakes a practice of mortification. They generate possessions, honor, and popularity through that mortification. They become indulgent and infatuated and fall into negligence on account of that.

This too is a defect in that mortifier.This too is a defect in that mortifier.Furthermore, a mortifier becomes fussy about food, saying,Furthermore, a mortifier becomes fussy about food, saying,‘This is acceptable to me, this is not acceptable to me.’‘This is acceptable to me, this is not acceptable to me.’

What is not acceptable they give up in expectation.What is not acceptable they give up in expectation.But what is acceptable they eat tied, infatuated, attached, blind to the drawbacks, and not understanding the escape.But what is acceptable they eat tied, infatuated, attached, blind to the drawbacks, and not understanding the escape.This too is a defect in that mortifier.This too is a defect in that mortifier.

Furthermore, a mortifier undertakes a practice of mortification out of longing for possessions, honor, and popularity, thinking,Furthermore, a mortifier undertakes a practice of mortification out of longing for possessions, honor, and popularity, thinking,‘Kings, royal ministers, aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and sectarians will honor me!’‘Kings, royal ministers, aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and sectarians will honor me!’This too is a defect in that mortifier.This too is a defect in that mortifier.

Furthermore, a mortifier rebukes a certain ascetic or brahmin,Furthermore, a mortifier rebukes a certain ascetic or brahmin,‘What is it with this one living in abundance, devouring everything—‘What is it with this one living in abundance, devouring everything—plants propagated from roots, trunks, cuttings, or joints; and those from regular seeds as the fifth. According to this ascetic’s doctrine, the crown of the tooth is forked lightning!’plants propagated from roots, trunks, cuttings, or joints; and those from regular seeds as the fifth. According to this ascetic’s doctrine, the crown of the tooth is forked lightning!’

This too is a defect in that mortifier.This too is a defect in that mortifier.Furthermore, a mortifier sees a certain ascetic or brahmin being honored, respected, esteemed, and venerated among good families.Furthermore, a mortifier sees a certain ascetic or brahmin being honored, respected, esteemed, and venerated among good families.They think,They think,

‘This one, who lives in abundance, is honored, respected, esteemed, and venerated among good families.‘This one, who lives in abundance, is honored, respected, esteemed, and venerated among good families.But I, a fervent mortifier who lives rough, am not honored, respected, esteemed, and venerated among good families.’ Thus they give rise to jealousy and stinginess regarding families.But I, a fervent mortifier who lives rough, am not honored, respected, esteemed, and venerated among good families.’ Thus they give rise to jealousy and stinginess regarding families.This too is a defect in that mortifier.This too is a defect in that mortifier.